成分研究 - SleepDrops

按成分搜索

按产品搜索

西番莲 PASSIONFLOWER (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA)

传统应⽤:

烦躁、清醒、神经易激惹，尤其是由于精疲⼒竭或⻓期患病 [i]
歇斯底⾥，神经性⼼动过速 [ii]
婴⼉和⽼年⼈失眠或因精神担忧或过度劳累 [iii] [iv]
痉挛性疾病，包括破伤⻛、舞蹈病和百⽇咳、全⾝性癫痫发作、癫痫、痉挛性哮喘、呼吸抑制 [v] [vi]
神经痛（包括⾯部、直肠和⼼脏疼痛）[vii] [viii]
由⽉经紊乱、痉挛性痛经引起的神经症状 [ix]
巴西⽤于治疗失眠的传统⽤途 [x]

药理/临床应⽤：

在 2001 年的⼀项为期 14 天的临床试验中，⼈们发现西番莲在治疗⼴泛性焦虑症⽅⾯与奥沙西泮（⼀种苯⼆氮卓类药物）同样有效。作者还强调，西番莲能降低⼯作绩效受损的发⽣率。推荐剂量为 45 滴 [xi]
单剂量的西番莲提取物（7g 剂量的⼲药草）表现出镇静作⽤，与健康⼥性志愿者的警觉性⾃评量表评估的基线值相⽐ [xii]
有助于减轻焦虑，并且已被发现与抗焦虑药物⼀样有效，⽽且没有减轻焦虑带来的副作⽤。它的镇静作⽤也有助于诱导睡眠
并减轻疼痛和头痛 [xi] [xiii]
⼀些动物研究表明，西番莲单独或与洋⽢菊或卡⽡胡椒联合使⽤都具有促进睡眠的作⽤ [xiii]
⼀项双盲安慰剂试验评估了西番莲草本茶对 41 名参与者的睡眠效果。研究⼈员发现，与安慰剂相⽐，睡眠质量有显著改善 [xiv]

洋⽢菊 CHAMOMILE (MATRICARIA RECUTITA)

传统应⽤：

肠胃胀⽓或神经性消化不良、晕⻋、神经性腹泻、胃肠道神经紊乱、肠胀⽓绞痛伴腹胀 [i] [ii]
烦躁、⼉童神经过敏、出⽛问题、⻛湿性和神经痛 [iii][iv]
痛经和闭经 [v][vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

尽管在医疗过程中经历了疼痛和焦虑，12名⼼导管患者中有10⼈在服⽤洋⽢菊茶后进⼊深度睡眠 [vii] 这种镇静作⽤有助于减轻焦虑、促进睡眠，并减轻肠易激综合征、胀⽓和腹胀等胃肠道症状 [viii] [ix] 2017年的⼀项⼩⿏研究发现，其抗焦虑作⽤与地西泮相当 [x]
2005年的⼀项研究使⽤睡眠⼲扰模型率调查了洋⽢菊和西番莲提取物的催眠活性。作者得出结论，洋⽢菊提取物是⼀种具有苯⼆氮卓类催眠活性的草药 [xi]
⼀项关于洋⽢菊对⽼年⼈睡眠质量的调查发现，洋⽢菊提取物具有镇静作⽤，因此作者建议将其⽤于养⽼院住院⽼年患者的
类似病例中 [xii]

辣椒末 CAYENNE (CAPSICUM ANNUUM)

传统应⽤：

加速循环和代谢 [i]
改善脾胃虚弱 [ii]

美⻩芩 SKULLCAP (SCUTELLARIA LATERIFLORA)

传统应⽤:

对神经系统和神经兴奋性有镇静作⽤ [i]
由⾝体或精神过度劳累引起的烦躁、清醒和紊乱 [ii]
焦虑 [iii]
⾝体或精神上的疲倦 [iv]
头痛和抑郁 [v]
癫痫、神经痛、震颤 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

⻩芩类⻩酮与GABA受体的苯⼆氮平位点结合，提⽰美⻩芩具有抗焦虑作⽤ [vii]
2003年的⼀项研究表明，⻩芩地上部分和⼀些⻩酮类化合物对5-羟⾊胺(5-HT7)有很⾼的亲和⼒。众所周知，5-HT7
拮抗剂和反向激动剂有益于治疗睡眠障碍、焦虑、恐慌、应激相关障碍、恐惧症、经前紊乱 [viii]
⼀项对英国和爱尔兰草药从业者的调查表明，美⻩芩被认为是对失眠、焦虑和压⼒的有效⼲预 [ix]

⼤枣 ZIZYPHUS (ZIZYPHUS JUJUBE)

传统应⽤:

减少⼼悸·
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑更年期出汗和盗汗症状有助于促进睡眠

药理/临床应⽤：

⼤枣对治疗烦躁不安引起的失眠有⼀定的疗效 [i]
本研究旨在探讨⼤枣⽔提物对⼩⿏睡眠时间和焦虑⽔平的影响。试验组注射3剂⼤枣⽔提液(200-400-600 mg/kg)，对照组腹腔注射⽣理盐⽔。本研究表明，⼤枣⽔提物可以延⻓⼩⿏的睡眠时间并降低焦虑⽔平 [ii]

奶蓟草 MILK THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化作⽤，特别有助于肝功能保护肝脏防⽌损伤
⽀持肝脏修复
⽀持健康的肝细胞再⽣。肝功能低下会减少褪⿊激素的产⽣，褪⿊激素是睡眠的关键神经递质。

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项对照、双盲临床试验表明，圣玛丽蓟浓缩提取物对治疗中毒性肝损伤、慢性炎症性肝病和肝硬化有好处。圣玛丽蓟在西⽅草药中的传统适应症包括⻩疸、肝炎、胆结⽯等肝胆疾病 [i]

菩提花 LIME FLOWERS (TILIA VULGARIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
⽀持焦虑的镇静作⽤ [i]
头痛 [i]
⾼⾎压 [i]
有助于促进睡眠 [i]

药理/临床应⽤：

结果表明，圣约翰草和菩提花均能显著提⾼⼩⿏的静⽌时间，降低⼩⿏的饲养速度等参数，在10 ~ 100mg/kg剂量范围内具有明显的镇静作⽤ [ii]

薰⾐草 LAVENDER (LAVENDULA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
头痛 [iv]
消化不良 [v]
有助于促进睡眠 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2011年的⼀项对⼩⿏的研究发现，与地西泮相⽐，薰⾐草具有类似的镇静和催眠作⽤ [vii]

⽢草 LICORICE (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA)

传统应⽤:

是⼀种肾上腺滋补剂，可在压⼒时滋养肾上腺 [i]
对胃肠道和呼吸道也有舒缓作⽤ [ii]

达⽶阿那 DAMIANA (TURNERA DIFFUSA)

传统应⽤:

⽤于帮助减轻焦虑、紧张和抑郁 [i]
神经性消化不良和便秘 [ii]

⻰胆草 GENTIAN (GENTIANA LUTEA)

传统应⽤:

能刺激消化迟缓和促进⻝物中营养物质的吸收 [i]
苦味补品 - ⽀持消化系统虚弱和胃酸过少 [ii]

⽣姜 GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE)

传统应⽤:

功效包括；发汗解表、抗焦虑、助消化、抗炎、抗微⽣物、抗氧化和保肝 [i]
恶⼼、孕吐、晕⻋ [ii]
脾胃虚弱、消化不良、肠绞痛、腹胀、胀⽓绞痛 [iii]

⾼丽参 KOREAN GINSENG (PANAX GINSENG)

传统应⽤:

适应原作⽤，通过⽀持肾上腺和增加体内的能量和活⼒来帮助⾝体应对压⼒ [i]
由于其免疫刺激作⽤，在机体处于恢复期或当⾝⼼状态需要提⾼时有效调节 [ii]

红景天 RHODIOLA (RHODIOLA ROSEA)

传统应⽤:

帮助⾝体应对压⼒的适应原作⽤ [i]
提⾼⾝⼼表现 [ii]
改善情绪 [iii]
刺激免疫系统并保护细胞免受损伤 [iv]

迷迭⾹ ROSEMARY (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

可以提⾼精神警觉性和记忆⼒ [i]
改善⾎液循环，减少抑郁和虚弱 [ii]

⻢鞭草 VERVAIN (VERBENA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

⽀持神经系统，在神经衰弱、抑郁和发烧后虚弱时使⽤ [i]
它也是⼀种消化系统补品 [ii]

⿊升⿇ BLACK COHOSH (CIMICIFUGA RACEMOSA)

传统应⽤：

荷尔蒙平衡[i]
更年期和围绝经期症状[ii]

药理/临床应⽤：

在这项随机双盲、安慰剂对照、多中⼼研究中，89 名出现更年期症状的围绝经期或绝经后妇⼥接受了圣约翰草和⿊升⿇提取物或匹配的安慰剂治疗 12 周，结果发现其均能有效缓解更年期症状，显著优于安慰剂组 [iii]

醉茄 ASHWAGANDHA (WITHANIA SOMNIFERA)

传统应⽤:

神经系统补品 [i]
镇静剂 [ii]
适应原 [iii]
免疫调节剂 [iv]
抗炎 [v]

药理/临床应⽤：

研究表明它具有抗炎、抗压⼒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、平衡免疫系统，是⼀种普遍的补品 [vi]

松果菊（狭叶松果菊，紫松果菊） ECHINACEA (ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA & ECHINACEA PURPUREA)

传统应⽤:

免疫调节免疫增强
抗炎抗菌
抗病毒
淋巴细胞调节

药理/临床应⽤：

松果菊是最著名的免疫系统草药，因为它能够降低病毒和细菌感染的严重程度 [i]
松果菊的活性成分⽀持先天性和适应性免疫的最佳功能 [i]
松果菊已被证明可以激活巨噬细胞、⾃然杀伤细胞和⽩细胞，从⽽⽀持它们更快地响应和破坏病原体的能⼒ [ii]
更相关的可能是松果菊保护病毒诱导的细菌粘连的⽅式，例如当病毒引起细菌性肺炎时，它能够缓和被称为细胞因⼦
⻛暴的炎症反应 [iii]

接⻣⽊ ELDERBERRY (SAMBUCUS NIGRA)

传统应⽤:

抗病毒抗氧化剂
发汗剂
提⾼免疫⼒抗炎

药理/临床应⽤：

接⻣⽊含有丰富的抗氧化剂，这是维持强⼤免疫系统的关键。接⻣⽊有显著的抗病毒作⽤；在 2004 年的⼀项研究中，60 名有流感症状的⼈每天四次服⽤ 15 毫升接⻣⽊糖浆，持续 5 天。与服⽤安慰剂的⼈相⽐，他们的症状平均提前 4 天得到缓解 [i]

柠檬⾹蜂草 LEMON BALM (MELISSA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

胀⽓性消化不良 [i] 抑郁、神经衰弱 [ii] 痛经 [iii]
普通感冒和流感 [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

2006 年的⼀项研究调查了 918 名 12 岁或以下患有躁动和神经性睡眠障碍的⼉童服⽤缬草和柠檬⾹蜂草联合制剂对的疗效和耐受性。发现 80.9% 的患者睡眠障碍有改善，70.4% 的患者躁动症状有明显改善 [v]
2016 年的⼀项研究强调了柠檬⾹蜂草在减轻烧伤患者的焦虑、抑郁和改善睡眠质量⽅⾯的重要⽤途 [vi]
由于柠檬⾹蜂草提取物与中枢神经系统、胆碱能和GABA 能系统的直接相互作⽤，具有有效的抗焦虑活性，可减少应激和⽣理紊乱 [vii]
2004 年的⼀项关于柠檬⾹蜂草对⼈类实验室诱发压⼒的研究结果显⽰，其改善了 DISS（定义强度压⼒刺激）的负
⾯情绪影响，显着提⾼了对平静的⾃我评价，降低了对警觉的⾃我评价 [viii]
帮助减少焦虑和压⼒相关的睡眠问题。舒缓消化，有助于提升情绪 [ix]

五味⼦ SCHISANDRA (SCHISANDRA CHINENSIS)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化剂
适应原镇静作⽤
⽌咳
保肝
抗炎

药理/临床应⽤：

由于其⾼浓度的抗氧化作⽤，五味⼦有助于对抗炎症并积极帮助免疫系统 [i]
五味⼦的化学保护能⼒已被临床研究 [i]
研究还表明它能够控制⽩细胞（⽩细胞），从⽽促进炎症并提⾼修复组织的能⼒ [i]

酸樱桃 TART CHERRY

褪⿊激素的天然来源 [i]
尽管褪⿊激素⽔平很低，但已被证明会增加体内褪⿊激素⽔平 [i]
临床研究表明睡眠持续时间有所改善并减少了睡眠潜伏期 [i] 有效的抗氧化剂-减少可能由睡眠问题引起的炎症化学物质 [ii] 降低 C 反应蛋⽩[ii]，抗炎作⽤可能是阿司匹林的 10 倍 [iii]
临床研究表明，跑步者运动引起的肌⾁疼痛减少，健康⼈群炎症和氧化标志物减少 [ii]

柠檬酸镁 MAGNESIUM CITRATE

有证据表明，与氧化镁相⽐，在急性（3 天）和慢性（60 天）补充 300 毫克柠檬酸镁后，吸收效果更好，⾎浆镁浓度显着增加 [i]
许多研究表明，与氧化镁相⽐，单剂量柠檬酸镁的⽣物利⽤度更⾼ [i]
柠檬酸镁是⽣物利⽤度最⾼的镁形式 [i]
被消化系统很好地吸收 [ii]

磷酸镁 MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE

磷酸镁对神经系统具有特异性。
适⽤于能量产⽣、正常神经功能、正常肌⾁功能、抽筋、痉挛、抽搐 [i]
2017年1例孕妇使⽤低剂量磷酸镁成功治疗偏头痛 [ii]

锌 ZINC

健康神经系统功能的必需矿物质
与锌铜⽐例较低的⼈相⽐，锌铜⽐例较⾼的⼈睡眠时间明显更⻓ [i]
⼀项在护理机构进⾏的研究发现，给失眠症患者服⽤镁、锌和褪⿊素不仅改善了他们的睡眠，⽽且改善了他们的⽣活
质量 [ii]

维⽣素C VITAMIN C

体内关键的⽔溶性抗氧化剂 [i]
⾼剂量的维⽣素 C（3 g）有助于降低⽪质醇⽔平并⽀持肾上腺功能，从⽽减少压⼒对⾝体的负⾯影响 [ii]
是从⾊氨酸合成⾎清素的辅助因⼦
有助于减少对⼤脑有唤醒作⽤并影响睡眠的组胺 [iii]
保护免疫系统免受压⼒的破坏性影响 [iv]

泛酸(维⽣素B5) PANTOTHENIC ACID (VITAMIN B5)

B5在脂肪和碳⽔化合物转化为能量的过程中起着重要作⽤，对红细胞的⽣成也⾄关重要 [i]
为肾上腺提供燃料 - 有益于慢性压⼒和焦虑，减少疲劳

吡哆醇(维⽣素B6) PYRIDOXINE (VITAMIN B6)

是合成关键脑化学物质（如 GABA 和⾎清素）的重要辅助因⼦。
在紧张时期，吡哆醇和这些神经递质的缺乏与压⼒增加和应对机制减少有关 [i] GABA 和⾎清素是参与睡眠-觉醒周期的两种重要的神经递质 [ii]

延胡索CORYDALIS (CORYDALIS AMBIGUA)

传统应⽤:

助眠的镇静作⽤ [i]
减少焦虑 [ii]
减少情绪压⼒ [iii]
减轻疼痛的镇痛作⽤ [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

Tian等⼈的研究表明，延胡索在药理学上⽀持治疗⼼肌缺⾎、缺⾎性中⻛、⾎栓形成、癌症、神经退⾏性疾病、抑郁症、⽌痛等疾病的治疗。它具有抗抑郁、抗焦虑和镇静作⽤ [v]

加州花菱草 CALIFORNIAN POPPY (ESCHSCHOLZIA CALIFORNICA)

传统应⽤:

有助于减轻疼痛 [i]
帮助减少焦虑 [ii]
促进睡眠 [iii]

药理/临床应⽤：

Fedurco M等⼈的研究表明加州花菱草具有温和的镇静作⽤ [iv]

啤酒花 HOPS (HUMULUS LUPULUS)

传统应⽤:

失眠，兴奋 [i]
头痛、神经痛、震颤性谵妄 [ii]

药理/临床应⽤：

250 mgkg-1 浓度的啤酒花提取物在⼝服2 ⼩时后显着降低体温。提取物的效果与褪⿊激素相当，尽管后者的开始作
⽤时间较早（腹腔注射后 60 分钟）。啤酒花提取物 (250 mgkg-1, po) 和褪⿊素 (50 mgkg-1, ip) 的低温效应与竞争性褪⿊激素拮抗剂卢津多尔拮抗，后者以 30 mgkg-1 的浓度进⾏（腹腔注射前 15 分钟）药物治疗 [iii]
⼀项平⾏组设计的随机、双盲、对照临床试验评估了使⽤啤酒花缬草制剂或苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗的外源性睡眠障碍患者的⽣活质量参数，例如暂时性睡眠发作和睡眠中断。根据 DSM-IV 标准，该试验证明了等效的疗效和耐受性。根据睡眠质量、健康状况和⽣活质量，两种疗法的等效性得到了证明。患者的健康状况在治疗期间有所改善，但在停
⽤两种制剂后病情恶化。作者得出结论，研究中适当剂量的啤酒花缬草制剂是苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗⾮慢性和⾮精神性睡眠障碍的明智替代品 [iv]
该实验由17名健康的⼥护⼠(n = 17)轮流和/或夜班进⾏。晚饭后适度摄⼊含啤酒花（333 毫升，含 0.0% 酒精）的⽆酒精啤酒 14 天（治疗）后，通过活动记录仪 (ActiwatchH) 评估夜间睡眠和时间⽣物学参数。该数据与她们⾃⼰晚餐期间不喝啤酒的对照组对⽐。活动记录仪结果表明，在最重要的参数⽅⾯，夜间睡眠质量有所改善：与对照组(20.5064.21 分钟) 相⽐，治疗组 (12.0161.19 分钟) 的睡眠潜伏期减少 (p#0.05)，总活动也是。（p#0.05；治疗组 = 5284.786836.99 活动脉冲 vs 对照组 = 7258.786898.89 活动脉冲）。此外，根据状态-特质焦虑量表 (STAI) 的索引，焦虑在治疗组中有所减少（状态焦虑 18.0963.8 对⽐对照组 20.6962.14）[v]
⼀项随机 (1:1)、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉设计，包括两个 4 周的⼲预期（Melcalin 啤酒花或安慰剂；每天两粒0.2 克胶囊），间隔为 2 周。在 4 周治疗期的开始和结束时进⾏⼈体测量、DASS-21 评估和晨间⽪质醇⾎浆⽔平测量。 36 名参与者（⼥/男：31/5；年龄：24.7±0.5 岁）完成了研究⼲预（流失：6/42）。在服⽤啤酒花或安慰剂时，没有发现体重、成分或晨间循环⽪质醇的显著变化。啤酒花显著降低DASS-21焦虑、抑郁和压⼒得分(9.2±7.3 vs.
5.1±5.9,11.9±7.9 vs. 9.2±7.4,19.1±8.1 vs. 11.6±8.1;p值均<0.05)，显著⾼于安慰剂作⽤(p值均<0.05) [vi]

卡⽡胡椒 KAVA (PIPER METHYSTICUM)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
肌⾁紧张和头痛 [iv]
更年期症状 [v]
消化不良 [vi]
有助于促进睡眠 [vii]

药理/临床应⽤：

共有 75 名患有 GAD（⼴泛性焦虑）且⽆合并情绪障碍的参与者参加了⼀项为期 6 周的卡⽡⽔提取物（每天 120/240 毫克卡⽡内酯，视反应⽽定）与安慰剂的双盲试验。使⽤汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表 (HAMA) 作为主要结果来测量焦虑的减少。卡⽡的耐受性良好，除了卡⽡组报告的头痛更多（P = 0.05）外，组间在任何其他不良反应和肝功能检查⽅⾯没有显着性差异。标准化的卡⽡可能是治疗 GAD 的⼀种中度有效的短期选择 [viii]
本试验的⽬的是研究卡⽡特殊提取物 WS 1490 在与⾮精神病源性焦虑、紧张和烦躁状态相关的睡眠障碍患者中的有效性和安全性。在⼀项随机、双盲临床研究中，61名患者接受每⽇剂量200 mg WS 1490或安慰剂，为期4周。经过4 周的双盲治疗后，与基线相⽐，卡⽡提取物 WS 1490 的 assif 组间差异具有统计学意义（分别为 P=0.007 和P=0.018）。卡⽡提取物在汉密尔顿⼼理焦虑分值上也有较好的效果(P=0.002)。在幸福感⾃评和整体临床评价⽅⾯效果更明显，也表明卡⽡提取物治疗效果更好。安全性和耐受性良好，没有与药物相关的不良事件或临床或实验室参数的变化 [ix]

⽛买加⼭茱萸 JAMAICAN DOGWOOD (PISCIDIA PISCIPULA)

传统应⽤:

降低神经兴奋性 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
具有减轻疼痛和镇静作⽤，以帮助减轻疼痛 [iii]
有助于促进睡眠 [iv]

合欢 ALBIZIA LEBBECK (SIRIS TREE)

传统应⽤：

由于其抗炎作⽤，有助于减少过敏反应 [i]
⽀持肾上腺⽪质功能 [ii]
保护肾上腺 [iii]

⻩芩 BAICAL SKULLCAP (SCUTELLARIA BAICALENSIS)

传统应⽤:

有助于减少与过敏或哮喘相关的炎症 [i]
有助于肠胃问题 [ii]
抗焦虑 [iii]
温和的镇静作⽤ [iv]
减少肠胃不适 [v]

欧洲荚蒾 CRAMPBARK (VIBURNUM OPULUS)

传统应⽤:

抗痉挛，减少绞痛和腹部绞痛 [i]
温和的镇静剂 [ii]

圣约翰草 ST JOHN’S WORT (HYPERICUM PERFORATUM)

传统应⽤:

⼀种舒缓神经系统的草药[i]
抑郁症[ii]
易怒[iii] 失眠[iv]
减少焦虑[v]·
减轻情绪压⼒[vi]
有助于减轻疼痛的镇痛作⽤[vii]
更年期和经前症状[viii]

西洋杜荆树 CHASTE TREE (VITEX AGNES-CASTUS)

传统应⽤：

常⽤于治疗经前期紧张[i]
对于不规则排卵[ii] 兴奋性[iii]
平衡雌激素和孕激素[iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项随机双盲，为期三个⽉经周期的平⾏组安慰剂对照研究。178名妇⼥接受筛查，170⼈接受评估(实验组86例;对照组 84)。平均年龄36岁，平均⽉经周期28天，平均⽉经持续时间4.5天。西洋杜荆树(提取物⼲⽚)每⽇⼀⽚或配合安慰剂，连续三个周期给药。主要疗效变量: 从基线到终点(第三周期结束)⼥性对易怒、情绪改变、愤怒、头痛、乳房胀满和其他
⽉经症状包括腹胀的⾃我评估的变化。结果显⽰，与安慰剂相⽐，西洋杜荆树补充剂具有显著的改善效果 [v]

锯棕榈 SAW PALMETTO (SERENOA REPENS)

传统应⽤:

男性泌尿和前列腺问题，如良性前列腺肥⼤或膀胱炎 [i]
前列腺保护 [ii]
泌尿⽣殖系统炎症 [iii]
抗痉挛 [iv]
壮阳药 [v]
性激素紊乱 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2019年，⼀项双盲、安慰剂对照研究对来⾃19个机构的354名LUTS/BPH(下尿路症状/良性前列腺增⽣)患者进⾏了评估，评估了锯棕榈的有效性和安全性。参与者被随机分配 (1:1) 到锯棕榈提取物 (320 毫克) 或安慰剂组，为期 24 周。主要功效参数是从基线到每次评估的国际前列腺症状评分和峰值尿流的变化。次要功效参数包括贮尿症状和排尿症状评分、前列腺体积、尿频和总前列腺特异性抗原⽔平的改善。其他评估参数包括⽣活质量评分、四项男性性功能问卷评分和国际勃起功能指数评分。结果显⽰:锯棕榈提取物组与安慰剂组⽐较，峰值尿流量、国际前列腺症状评分、贮尿症状和排尿症状评分、⽣活质量评分、男性性功能问卷四项评分、勃起功能国际指数评分差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。作者得出结论，该提取物有效、安全、耐受性良好，并且在临床和统计学上优于安慰剂 [vii]

柳草 WILLOW HERB (EPILOBIUM PARVIFLORUM)

传统应⽤:

前列腺慢性疾病 [i]
前列腺肥⼤引起的尿路梗阻 [ii]

熊果叶 BEARBERRY (ARCHTOSTAPHYLOS URA-URSI)

传统应⽤:

对泌尿系统的舒缓作⽤ [i]
急性和慢性膀胱感染 [ii]
酸性尿 [iii] 排尿痛 [iv] 肾结⽯ [v]
前列腺、膀胱或肾脏的疼痛和炎症 [vi]

刺蒺藜 TRIBULUS (TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS)

传统应⽤:

男性⽣育和阳痿的壮阳药 [i]
排尿痛 [ii]
肾结⽯ [iii]
痛⻛和尿酸 [iv]

西番莲 PASSIONFLOWER (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA)

传统应⽤:

烦躁、清醒、神经易激惹，尤其是由于精疲⼒竭或⻓期患病 [i]
歇斯底⾥，神经性⼼动过速 [ii]
婴⼉和⽼年⼈失眠或因精神担忧或过度劳累 [iii] [iv]
痉挛性疾病，包括破伤⻛、舞蹈病和百⽇咳、全⾝性癫痫发作、癫痫、痉挛性哮喘、呼吸抑制 [v] [vi]
神经痛（包括⾯部、直肠和⼼脏疼痛）[vii] [viii]
由⽉经紊乱、痉挛性痛经引起的神经症状 [ix]
巴西⽤于治疗失眠的传统⽤途 [x]

药理/临床应⽤：

在 2001 年的⼀项为期 14 天的临床试验中，⼈们发现西番莲在治疗⼴泛性焦虑症⽅⾯与奥沙西泮（⼀种苯⼆氮卓类药物）同样有效。作者还强调，西番莲能降低⼯作绩效受损的发⽣率。推荐剂量为 45 滴 [xi]
单剂量的西番莲提取物（7g 剂量的⼲药草）表现出镇静作⽤，与健康⼥性志愿者的警觉性⾃评量表评估的基线值相⽐ [xii]
有助于减轻焦虑，并且已被发现与抗焦虑药物⼀样有效，⽽且没有减轻焦虑带来的副作⽤。它的镇静作⽤也有助于诱导睡眠
并减轻疼痛和头痛 [xi] [xiii]
⼀些动物研究表明，西番莲单独或与洋⽢菊或卡⽡胡椒联合使⽤都具有促进睡眠的作⽤ [xiii]
⼀项双盲安慰剂试验评估了西番莲草本茶对 41 名参与者的睡眠效果。研究⼈员发现，与安慰剂相⽐，睡眠质量有显著改善 [xiv]

参考⽂献

西番莲 Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)

Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
Bernardes 1983. A pocket book of Brazilian herbs: forklore, historr, uses. Shogun Arte, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Akhondzadeh S, et 2001. Jour clin pharm ther. 26(5):363-367
Schulz H, Jobert M, Hubner 1998. Phytomed. 5(6):449-458
Capasso A, Sorrentino 2005. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomed. 12: 39 - 45.
Ngan A and Conduit 2001. A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) herbal tea on subjective sleep quality.Phytother. Res. 25: 1153 - 9.

洋⽢菊 CHAMOMILE (MATRICARIA RECUTITA)

传统应⽤：

肠胃胀⽓或神经性消化不良、晕⻋、神经性腹泻、胃肠道神经紊乱、肠胀⽓绞痛伴腹胀 [i] [ii]
烦躁、⼉童神经过敏、出⽛问题、⻛湿性和神经痛 [iii][iv]
痛经和闭经 [v][vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

尽管在医疗过程中经历了疼痛和焦虑，12名⼼导管患者中有10⼈在服⽤洋⽢菊茶后进⼊深度睡眠 [vii] 这种镇静作⽤有助于减轻焦虑、促进睡眠，并减轻肠易激综合征、胀⽓和腹胀等胃肠道症状 [viii] [ix] 2017年的⼀项⼩⿏研究发现，其抗焦虑作⽤与地西泮相当 [x]
2005年的⼀项研究使⽤睡眠⼲扰模型率调查了洋⽢菊和西番莲提取物的催眠活性。作者得出结论，洋⽢菊提取物是⼀种具有苯⼆氮卓类催眠活性的草药 [xi]
⼀项关于洋⽢菊对⽼年⼈睡眠质量的调查发现，洋⽢菊提取物具有镇静作⽤，因此作者建议将其⽤于养⽼院住院⽼年患者的
类似病例中 [xii]

参考⽂献

洋⽢菊 Chamomile (Matricaria recutita):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Mills S, Bone 2005. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia.
Kiran G et 2017. A study of anxiolytic activity of matricaria chamomile flowers of aqueous extraction in mice. Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and clinical research. 5 (1) 25-32
Shinomiya K, et 2005. Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 25(5) 808- 810
Abdullahzadeh M, et 2017. Investigation effect of oral chamomilla on sleep quality in elderly people in Isfahan: A randomized control trial. Journal of education and health promotion. Vol 6: DOI <10.4103/jehp.jehp_109_15>

辣椒末 CAYENNE (CAPSICUM ANNUUM)

传统应⽤：

加速循环和代谢 [i]
改善脾胃虚弱 [ii]

参考⽂献

辣椒末 Cayenne (Capsicum annuum):

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

美⻩芩 SKULLCAP (SCUTELLARIA LATERIFLORA)

传统应⽤:

对神经系统和神经兴奋性有镇静作⽤ [i]
由⾝体或精神过度劳累引起的烦躁、清醒和紊乱 [ii]
焦虑 [iii]
⾝体或精神上的疲倦 [iv]
头痛和抑郁 [v]
癫痫、神经痛、震颤 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

⻩芩类⻩酮与GABA受体的苯⼆氮平位点结合，提⽰美⻩芩具有抗焦虑作⽤ [vii]
2003年的⼀项研究表明，⻩芩地上部分和⼀些⻩酮类化合物对5-羟⾊胺(5-HT7)有很⾼的亲和⼒。众所周知，5-HT7
拮抗剂和反向激动剂有益于治疗睡眠障碍、焦虑、恐慌、应激相关障碍、恐惧症、经前紊乱 [viii]
⼀项对英国和爱尔兰草药从业者的调查表明，美⻩芩被认为是对失眠、焦虑和压⼒的有效⼲预 [ix]

参考⽂献

美⻩芩 Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Bartram 1995. Encyclopaedia of herbal medicine. New York, Dover Publications
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific Committee. 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA [vii]Awad, , Arnason, J.T., Trudeau, V.L., Bergeron, C., Budzinski, J.W., Foster, B.C., & Merali, Z. (2003). Phytochemical and biological analysis of skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.): a medicinal plant with anxiolytic properties. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology, 10 8, 640-9 .
Gafner, , Bergeron, C., Batcha, L.L., Reich, J., Arnason, J.T., Burdette, J.E., Pezzuto, J.M. and Angerhofer, C.K. 2003. Inhibition of [3H]- LSD binding to 5-HT7 receptors by flavonoids from Scutellaria lateriflora. Journal of Natural Products, 66, (4) 535-537.
Brock C, Whitehouse J, Tewfik I, Towell 2010. American skullcap (scutellaria lateriflora): an ancient remedy for today’s anxiety? British Journal of Wellbeing. 1(4)25-30

⼤枣 ZIZYPHUS (ZIZYPHUS JUJUBE)

传统应⽤:

减少⼼悸·
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑更年期出汗和盗汗症状有助于促进睡眠

药理/临床应⽤：

⼤枣对治疗烦躁不安引起的失眠有⼀定的疗效 [i]
本研究旨在探讨⼤枣⽔提物对⼩⿏睡眠时间和焦虑⽔平的影响。试验组注射3剂⼤枣⽔提液(200-400-600 mg/kg)，对照组腹腔注射⽣理盐⽔。本研究表明，⼤枣⽔提物可以延⻓⼩⿏的睡眠时间并降低焦虑⽔平 [ii]

参考⽂献

⼤枣 Zizyphus(Zizyphus jujuba):

2007. WHO Monographs on Slected Medicinal Plants – Volume 3: Fructus Zizyphi. <https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/m/abstract/Js14213e/>
Abbasnia, V 2016. Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Zizyphus jujube mill aqueous extract in mice. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 8(6):8-11

奶蓟草 MILK THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化作⽤，特别有助于肝功能保护肝脏防⽌损伤
⽀持肝脏修复
⽀持健康的肝细胞再⽣。肝功能低下会减少褪⿊激素的产⽣，褪⿊激素是睡眠的关键神经递质。

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项对照、双盲临床试验表明，圣玛丽蓟浓缩提取物对治疗中毒性肝损伤、慢性炎症性肝病和肝硬化有好处。圣玛丽蓟在西⽅草药中的传统适应症包括⻩疸、肝炎、胆结⽯等肝胆疾病 [i]

参考⽂献

奶蓟草 Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum):

Mills, S & Bone, K. 2005.The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elseiver, USA

菩提花 LIME FLOWERS (TILIA VULGARIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
⽀持焦虑的镇静作⽤ [i]
头痛 [i]
⾼⾎压 [i]
有助于促进睡眠 [i]

药理/临床应⽤：

结果表明，圣约翰草和菩提花均能显著提⾼⼩⿏的静⽌时间，降低⼩⿏的饲养速度等参数，在10 ~ 100mg/kg剂量范围内具有明显的镇静作⽤ [ii]

参考⽂献

菩提花 Lime flowers (Tilia vulgaris):

Coleta, Miguel & Campos, Maria & Cotrim, Maria & Cunha, A. 2001. Comparative Evaluation of Melissa officinalis L., Tilia europaea L., Passiflora edulis Sims. And Hypericum perforatum L. in the Elevated Plus Maze Anxiety Test. Pharmacopsychiatry. 34 Suppl 1.

薰⾐草 LAVENDER (LAVENDULA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
头痛 [iv]
消化不良 [v]
有助于促进睡眠 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2011年的⼀项对⼩⿏的研究发现，与地西泮相⽐，薰⾐草具有类似的镇静和催眠作⽤ [vii]

参考⽂献

薰⾐草 Lavender (Lavendula officinalis):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Alanamer, , Alaoui, K., Bouidida, E H., Benjouad, A., Cherrah Y. Hindawi 2012. Sedative and Hypnotic Activities of the Methanolic and Aqueous Exracts of Lavandula officianalis from Morrocco. Publishing Corporation Advances in Pharmacological Sciences Volume 2012, Article ID 270824, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/270824

⽢草 LICORICE (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA)

传统应⽤:

是⼀种肾上腺滋补剂，可在压⼒时滋养肾上腺 [i]
对胃肠道和呼吸道也有舒缓作⽤ [ii]

参考⽂献

⽢草 Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra):

[i] - [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA; 2005.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence-based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia; 2010.

达⽶阿那 DAMIANA (TURNERA DIFFUSA)

传统应⽤:

⽤于帮助减轻焦虑、紧张和抑郁 [i]
神经性消化不良和便秘 [ii]

参考⽂献

[i] - [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⻰胆草 GENTIAN (GENTIANA LUTEA)

传统应⽤:

能刺激消化迟缓和促进⻝物中营养物质的吸收 [i]
苦味补品 - ⽀持消化系统虚弱和胃酸过少 [ii]

参考⽂献

[i] - [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⽣姜 GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE)

传统应⽤:

功效包括；发汗解表、抗焦虑、助消化、抗炎、抗微⽣物、抗氧化和保肝 [i]
恶⼼、孕吐、晕⻋ [ii]
脾胃虚弱、消化不良、肠绞痛、腹胀、胀⽓绞痛 [iii]

参考⽂献

[i] - [iii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⾼丽参 KOREAN GINSENG (PANAX GINSENG)

传统应⽤:

适应原作⽤，通过⽀持肾上腺和增加体内的能量和活⼒来帮助⾝体应对压⼒ [i]
由于其免疫刺激作⽤，在机体处于恢复期或当⾝⼼状态需要提⾼时有效调节 [ii]

参考⽂献

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

红景天 RHODIOLA (RHODIOLA ROSEA)

传统应⽤:

帮助⾝体应对压⼒的适应原作⽤ [i]
提⾼⾝⼼表现 [ii]
改善情绪 [iii]
刺激免疫系统并保护细胞免受损伤 [iv]

参考⽂献

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

迷迭⾹ ROSEMARY (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

可以提⾼精神警觉性和记忆⼒ [i]
改善⾎液循环，减少抑郁和虚弱 [ii]

参考⽂献

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⻢鞭草 VERVAIN (VERBENA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

⽀持神经系统，在神经衰弱、抑郁和发烧后虚弱时使⽤ [i]
它也是⼀种消化系统补品 [ii]

参考⽂献

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⿊升⿇ BLACK COHOSH (CIMICIFUGA RACEMOSA)

传统应⽤：

荷尔蒙平衡[i]
更年期和围绝经期症状[ii]

药理/临床应⽤：

在这项随机双盲、安慰剂对照、多中⼼研究中，89 名出现更年期症状的围绝经期或绝经后妇⼥接受了圣约翰草和⿊升⿇提取物或匹配的安慰剂治疗 12 周，结果发现其均能有效缓解更年期症状，显著优于安慰剂组 [iii]

参考⽂献

⿊升⿇ Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Chung DJ, Kim HY, Park KH, et Black cohosh and St. John's wort (GYNO-Plus) for climacteric symptoms. Yonsei Med J. 2007;48(2):289-294. doi:10.3349/ymj.2007.48.2.289

松果菊（狭叶松果菊，紫松果菊） ECHINACEA (ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA & ECHINACEA PURPUREA)

传统应⽤:

免疫调节免疫增强
抗炎抗菌
抗病毒
淋巴细胞调节

药理/临床应⽤：

松果菊是最著名的免疫系统草药，因为它能够降低病毒和细菌感染的严重程度 [i]
松果菊的活性成分⽀持先天性和适应性免疫的最佳功能 [i]
松果菊已被证明可以激活巨噬细胞、⾃然杀伤细胞和⽩细胞，从⽽⽀持它们更快地响应和破坏病原体的能⼒ [ii]
更相关的可能是松果菊保护病毒诱导的细菌粘连的⽅式，例如当病毒引起细菌性肺炎时，它能够缓和被称为细胞因⼦
⻛暴的炎症反应 [iii]

参考⽂献

松果菊（狭叶松果菊，紫松果菊）Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia & Echinacea purpurea)

Zhai Z, et 2007. Enhancement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Functions by Multiple Echinacea Species. J Med Food. 10(3) 423-434.
Block K.I. & Mead M.N. 2003. Immune System Effects of Echinacea, Ginseng, and Astragalus: A Review. Integrative Cancer 2(3) 247-267.
Barnes J et 2005. Echinacea Species: A review of their chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 57(8) 929-954.

醉茄 ASHWAGANDHA (WITHANIA SOMNIFERA)

传统应⽤:

神经系统补品 [i]
镇静剂 [ii]
适应原 [iii]
免疫调节剂 [iv]
抗炎 [v]

药理/临床应⽤：

研究表明它具有抗炎、抗压⼒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、平衡免疫系统，是⼀种普遍的补品 [vi]

参考⽂献

醉茄 Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)

Singh N, et al. 2011. An Overview of Ashwagandha: A Rasayana (Rejuvenator) of Ayurveda. International Institute of Herbal Medicine. 8(S):208-213.
[i] - [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
[iii]-[v] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA; 2005.
[i]-[v] Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence-based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW,Australia; 2010.
[vi] Singh, N., Bhalla, M., de Jager, P., & Gilca, M. (2011). An overview on ashwagandha: a Rasayana (rejuvenator) of Ayurveda. Africanjournal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM, 8(5 Suppl), 208–213. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.9

接⻣⽊ ELDERBERRY (SAMBUCUS NIGRA)

传统应⽤:

抗病毒抗氧化剂
发汗剂
提⾼免疫⼒抗炎

药理/临床应⽤：

接⻣⽊含有丰富的抗氧化剂，这是维持强⼤免疫系统的关键。接⻣⽊有显著的抗病毒作⽤；在 2004 年的⼀项研究中，60 名有流感症状的⼈每天四次服⽤ 15 毫升接⻣⽊糖浆，持续 5 天。与服⽤安慰剂的⼈相⽐，他们的症状平均提前 4 天得到缓解 [i]

参考⽂献

接⻣⽊ Elderberry (Sambucus nigra)

Zakay-Rones Z. 2004. Randomized Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Elderberry Extract in the treatment of Influenza A and B Virus Infections. Journal of Integrative Medical Research. 32(2) 132-140.

柠檬⾹蜂草 LEMON BALM (MELISSA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

胀⽓性消化不良 [i] 抑郁、神经衰弱 [ii] 痛经 [iii]
普通感冒和流感 [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

2006 年的⼀项研究调查了 918 名 12 岁或以下患有躁动和神经性睡眠障碍的⼉童服⽤缬草和柠檬⾹蜂草联合制剂对的疗效和耐受性。发现 80.9% 的患者睡眠障碍有改善，70.4% 的患者躁动症状有明显改善 [v]
2016 年的⼀项研究强调了柠檬⾹蜂草在减轻烧伤患者的焦虑、抑郁和改善睡眠质量⽅⾯的重要⽤途 [vi]
由于柠檬⾹蜂草提取物与中枢神经系统、胆碱能和GABA 能系统的直接相互作⽤，具有有效的抗焦虑活性，可减少应激和⽣理紊乱 [vii]
2004 年的⼀项关于柠檬⾹蜂草对⼈类实验室诱发压⼒的研究结果显⽰，其改善了 DISS（定义强度压⼒刺激）的负
⾯情绪影响，显着提⾼了对平静的⾃我评价，降低了对警觉的⾃我评价 [viii]
帮助减少焦虑和压⼒相关的睡眠问题。舒缓消化，有助于提升情绪 [ix]

参考⽂献

柠檬⾹蜂草 Lemon balm (Melissa Officinalis):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Grieve 1971. A modern herbal. Dover publications. New York
Muller SF, Klement 2006. A combination of valerian and lemon balm is effective in the treatment of restlessness and dyssomnia in children. Phytomedicine. 13: 383-387
Chehroudi S, et 2016. Effects of Melissa officinalis L. on Reducing Stress, Alleviating Anxiety Disorders, Depression, and Insomnia, and Increasing Total Antioxidants in Burn Patients. Trauma Mon. 22(4):e33630
Fermino BL, et 2015. Anxiolytic properties of Melissa Officinalis and associated mechanisms of action: A review of the literature. African journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 9(3):53-59
Kennedy DO, et 2004. Attenuation of laboratory-induced stress in human after acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Psychosomatic medicine. 66:607-613
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.

五味⼦ SCHISANDRA (SCHISANDRA CHINENSIS)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化剂
适应原镇静作⽤
⽌咳
保肝
抗炎

药理/临床应⽤：

由于其⾼浓度的抗氧化作⽤，五味⼦有助于对抗炎症并积极帮助免疫系统 [i]
五味⼦的化学保护能⼒已被临床研究 [i]
研究还表明它能够控制⽩细胞（⽩细胞），从⽽促进炎症并提⾼修复组织的能⼒ [i]

参考⽂献

五味⼦ Schisandra (Schisandra chinensis)

Panossian A. 2008. Pharmacology of Schisandra chinensis Bail.: An Overview of Russian research and uses in medicine. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 118:183-212.

酸樱桃 TART CHERRY

褪⿊激素的天然来源 [i]
尽管褪⿊激素⽔平很低，但已被证明会增加体内褪⿊激素⽔平 [i]
临床研究表明睡眠持续时间有所改善并减少了睡眠潜伏期 [i] 有效的抗氧化剂-减少可能由睡眠问题引起的炎症化学物质 [ii] 降低 C 反应蛋⽩[ii]，抗炎作⽤可能是阿司匹林的 10 倍 [iii]
临床研究表明，跑步者运动引起的肌⾁疼痛减少，健康⼈群炎症和氧化标志物减少 [ii]

参考⽂献

酸樱桃 Tart cherry

Howatson et al.Effect of tart cherry juice (Prunus cerasus) on melatonin levels and enhanced sleep quality. Eur J Nutr 2011 Oct 30.
Kerry S Kuehl Efficacy of tart cherry juice in reducing muscle pain during running: a randomized controlled trial J Int Soc Sports 2010; 7: Published online 2010 May 7. PMCID: PMC2874510
The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer , 1999

柠檬酸镁 MAGNESIUM CITRATE

有证据表明，与氧化镁相⽐，在急性（3 天）和慢性（60 天）补充 300 毫克柠檬酸镁后，吸收效果更好，⾎浆镁浓度显着增加 [i]
许多研究表明，与氧化镁相⽐，单剂量柠檬酸镁的⽣物利⽤度更⾼ [i]
柠檬酸镁是⽣物利⽤度最⾼的镁形式 [i]
被消化系统很好地吸收 [ii]

参考⽂献

柠檬酸镁 Magnesium Citrate

Rylander, (2014). Bioavailability of magnesium salts–a review. J Pharm Nutr Sci, 4(1), 57-59.
Murck Magnesium and Affective Disorders. Nutritional Neuroscience, Vol 5(6) 375-389. 2002

磷酸镁 MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE

磷酸镁对神经系统具有特异性。
适⽤于能量产⽣、正常神经功能、正常肌⾁功能、抽筋、痉挛、抽搐 [i]
2017年1例孕妇使⽤低剂量磷酸镁成功治疗偏头痛 [ii]

参考⽂献

磷酸镁 Magnesium Phosphate

Hornyak M, Magnesium therapy for periodic leg movements-related insomnia and restless legs syndrome: an open pilot
Pizzorno J, Murray Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine, Prima Publishing Rocklin CA, USA, 1991

锌 ZINC

健康神经系统功能的必需矿物质
与锌铜⽐例较低的⼈相⽐，锌铜⽐例较⾼的⼈睡眠时间明显更⻓ [i]
⼀项在护理机构进⾏的研究发现，给失眠症患者服⽤镁、锌和褪⿊素不仅改善了他们的睡眠，⽽且改善了他们的⽣活
质量 [ii]

参考⽂献

锌 Zinc

Song et al. Associations of Zinc and Copper Levels in Serum and Hair with Sleep Duration in Adult Women.Biol. 0Trace Elem
Rondanelli M et The effect of melatonin, magnesium, and zinc on primary insomnia in long-term care facility residents in Italy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Jan;59(1):82-90.

维⽣素C VITAMIN C

体内关键的⽔溶性抗氧化剂 [i]
⾼剂量的维⽣素 C（3 g）有助于降低⽪质醇⽔平并⽀持肾上腺功能，从⽽减少压⼒对⾝体的负⾯影响 [ii]
是从⾊氨酸合成⾎清素的辅助因⼦
有助于减少对⼤脑有唤醒作⽤并影响睡眠的组胺 [iii]
保护免疫系统免受压⼒的破坏性影响 [iv]

参考⽂献

维⽣素C Vitamin C

Head K and Kelly Nutrients and Botanicals for Treatment of Stress: Adrenal Fatigue, Neurotransmitter Imbalance, Anxiety and Restless Sleep. Alt Med Rev. Vol 14. (2) 2009
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence-based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia;
Johnston CS. Vitamin C depletion is associated with alterations in blood histamine and plasma free carnitine in adults Am Coll Nutr. 1996 Dec;15(6):586-91.
Pizzorno J, Murray Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine, Prima Publishing Rocklin CA, USA, 1991

泛酸(维⽣素B5) PANTOTHENIC ACID (VITAMIN B5)

B5在脂肪和碳⽔化合物转化为能量的过程中起着重要作⽤，对红细胞的⽣成也⾄关重要 [i]
为肾上腺提供燃料 - 有益于慢性压⼒和焦虑，减少疲劳

参考⽂献

泛酸(维⽣素B5) Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)

Kirschmann G. and Kirshmann J. Nutrition Almanac 4th Ed. McGraw Hill; New York, USA; 1996. http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/vitamin-b5-pantothenic-acid

吡哆醇 (维⽣素B6) PYRIDOXINE (VITAMIN B6)

是合成关键脑化学物质（如 GABA 和⾎清素）的重要辅助因⼦。
在紧张时期，吡哆醇和这些神经递质的缺乏与压⼒增加和应对机制减少有关 [i] GABA 和⾎清素是参与睡眠-觉醒周期的两种重要的神经递质 [ii]

参考⽂献

吡哆醇(维⽣素B6) Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

Baldewicz Plasma pyridoxine deficiency is related to increased psychological distress in recently bereaved
Murillo-Rodriguez E et Basic sleep mechanisms: an integrative review. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem. 2012 Mar;12(1):38-54.

延胡索 CORYDALIS (CORYDALIS AMBIGUA)

传统应⽤:

助眠的镇静作⽤ [i]
减少焦虑 [ii]
减少情绪压⼒ [iii]
减轻疼痛的镇痛作⽤ [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

Tian等⼈的研究表明，延胡索在药理学上⽀持治疗⼼肌缺⾎、缺⾎性中⻛、⾎栓形成、癌症、神经退⾏性疾病、抑郁症、⽌痛等疾病的治疗。它具有抗抑郁、抗焦虑和镇静作⽤ [v]

参考⽂献

Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia.2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Tian B, Tian M, Huang 2020. Advances in phytochemical and modern pharmacological research of Rhisoma Corydalis. Pharmaceutical Biology.

加州花菱草 CALIFORNIAN POPPY (ESCHSCHOLZIA CALIFORNICA)

传统应⽤:

有助于减轻疼痛 [i]
帮助减少焦虑 [ii]
促进睡眠 [iii]

药理/临床应⽤：

Fedurco M等⼈的研究表明加州花菱草具有温和的镇静作⽤ [iv]

参考⽂献

加州花菱草 Californian poppy (Eschscholzia californica):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Fedurco, , Gregorová, J., Šebrlová, K., Kantorová, J., Peš, O., Baur, R., Sigel, E., & Táborská, E. (2015). Modulatory Effects of Eschscholzia californica Alkaloids on Recombinant GABAA Receptors. Biochemistry research international, 2015, 617620. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/617620

啤酒花 HOPS (HUMULUS LUPULUS)

传统应⽤:

失眠，兴奋 [i]
头痛、神经痛、震颤性谵妄 [ii]

药理/临床应⽤：

250 mgkg-1 浓度的啤酒花提取物在⼝服2 ⼩时后显着降低体温。提取物的效果与褪⿊激素相当，尽管后者的开始作
⽤时间较早（腹腔注射后 60 分钟）。啤酒花提取物 (250 mgkg-1, po) 和褪⿊素 (50 mgkg-1, ip) 的低温效应与竞争性褪⿊激素拮抗剂卢津多尔拮抗，后者以 30 mgkg-1 的浓度进⾏（腹腔注射前 15 分钟）药物治疗 [iii]
⼀项平⾏组设计的随机、双盲、对照临床试验评估了使⽤啤酒花缬草制剂或苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗的外源性睡眠障碍患者的⽣活质量参数，例如暂时性睡眠发作和睡眠中断。根据 DSM-IV 标准，该试验证明了等效的疗效和耐受性。根据睡眠质量、健康状况和⽣活质量，两种疗法的等效性得到了证明。患者的健康状况在治疗期间有所改善，但在停
⽤两种制剂后病情恶化。作者得出结论，研究中适当剂量的啤酒花缬草制剂是苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗⾮慢性和⾮精神性睡眠障碍的明智替代品 [iv]
该实验由17名健康的⼥护⼠(n = 17)轮流和/或夜班进⾏。晚饭后适度摄⼊含啤酒花（333 毫升，含 0.0% 酒精）的⽆酒精啤酒 14 天（治疗）后，通过活动记录仪 (ActiwatchH) 评估夜间睡眠和时间⽣物学参数。该数据与她们⾃⼰晚餐期间不喝啤酒的对照组对⽐。活动记录仪结果表明，在最重要的参数⽅⾯，夜间睡眠质量有所改善：与对照组(20.5064.21 分钟) 相⽐，治疗组 (12.0161.19 分钟) 的睡眠潜伏期减少 (p#0.05)，总活动也是。（p#0.05；治疗组 = 5284.786836.99 活动脉冲 vs 对照组 = 7258.786898.89 活动脉冲）。此外，根据状态-特质焦虑量表 (STAI) 的索引，焦虑在治疗组中有所减少（状态焦虑 18.0963.8 对⽐对照组 20.6962.14）[v]
⼀项随机 (1:1)、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉设计，包括两个 4 周的⼲预期（Melcalin 啤酒花或安慰剂；每天两粒0.2 克胶囊），间隔为 2 周。在 4 周治疗期的开始和结束时进⾏⼈体测量、DASS-21 评估和晨间⽪质醇⾎浆⽔平测量。 36 名参与者（⼥/男：31/5；年龄：24.7±0.5 岁）完成了研究⼲预（流失：6/42）。在服⽤啤酒花或安慰剂时，没有发现体重、成分或晨间循环⽪质醇的显著变化。啤酒花显著降低DASS-21焦虑、抑郁和压⼒得分(9.2±7.3 vs.
5.1±5.9,11.9±7.9 vs. 9.2±7.4,19.1±8.1 vs. 11.6±8.1;p值均<0.05)，显著⾼于安慰剂作⽤(p值均<0.05) [vi]

参考⽂献

啤酒花 Humulus lupulus (Hops):

Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Butterweck, Veronika & Brattström, Axel & Grundmann, Oliver & Koetter, Uwe. (2007). Hypothermic effects of hops are antagonized with the competitive melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 59. 549-52. 1211/jpp.59.4.0009.
Schmitz, M. and M. Jackel. 1998. Vergleichsstudie zur Untersuchung der Lebensqualitat von Patienten mit exogenen Schlafstorungen (vor bergehenden Ein-und Durchschlafstorungen) unter Therapie miteinem Hopfen-Baldrian-Prparat undeinem Benzodiazepin-Prparat [Comparative study for assessing quality of life of patients with exogenous sleep disorders (temporary sleep onset and sleep interruption disorders) treated with a hops-valerian preparation and a benzodiazepine drug]. Wien Med Wochenschr 148(13):291298.
Franco L et 2012. The sedative effect of non-alcoholic beer in female nurses. PLoS One. 7(7):e37290
Kyrou I et al. 2017. Effects of a hops (Humulus lupulus L.) dry extract supplement on self-reported depression, anxiety and stress levels in apparently healthy young adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot Hormones (Athens). 16(2):171-180

卡⽡胡椒 KAVA (PIPER METHYSTICUM)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
肌⾁紧张和头痛 [iv]
更年期症状 [v]
消化不良 [vi]
有助于促进睡眠 [vii]

药理/临床应⽤：

共有 75 名患有 GAD（⼴泛性焦虑）且⽆合并情绪障碍的参与者参加了⼀项为期 6 周的卡⽡⽔提取物（每天 120/240 毫克卡⽡内酯，视反应⽽定）与安慰剂的双盲试验。使⽤汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表 (HAMA) 作为主要结果来测量焦虑的减少。卡⽡的耐受性良好，除了卡⽡组报告的头痛更多（P = 0.05）外，组间在任何其他不良反应和肝功能检查⽅⾯没有显着性差异。标准化的卡⽡可能是治疗 GAD 的⼀种中度有效的短期选择 [viii]
本试验的⽬的是研究卡⽡特殊提取物 WS 1490 在与⾮精神病源性焦虑、紧张和烦躁状态相关的睡眠障碍患者中的有效性和安全性。在⼀项随机、双盲临床研究中，61名患者接受每⽇剂量200 mg WS 1490或安慰剂，为期4周。经过4 周的双盲治疗后，与基线相⽐，卡⽡提取物 WS 1490 的 assif 组间差异具有统计学意义（分别为 P=0.007 和P=0.018）。卡⽡提取物在汉密尔顿⼼理焦虑分值上也有较好的效果(P=0.002)。在幸福感⾃评和整体临床评价⽅⾯效果更明显，也表明卡⽡提取物治疗效果更好。安全性和耐受性良好，没有与药物相关的不良事件或临床或实验室参数的变化 [ix]

参考⽂献

卡⽡胡椒 Kava (Piper methysticum):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide toHerbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Sarris J, et al. 2013. Kava in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology. 33(5): 643-648
Lehrl S. 2004. Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a assiflora, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Journal of Affective Disorders. 78(2): 101-110

合欢 ALBIZIA LEBBECK (SIRIS TREE)

传统应⽤：

由于其抗炎作⽤，有助于减少过敏反应 [i]
⽀持肾上腺⽪质功能 [ii]
保护肾上腺 [iii]

参考⽂献

Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.

⽛买加⼭茱萸 JAMAICAN DOGWOOD (PISCIDIA PISCIPULA)

传统应⽤:

降低神经兴奋性 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
具有减轻疼痛和镇静作⽤，以帮助减轻疼痛 [iii]
有助于促进睡眠 [iv]

参考⽂献

⽛买加⼭茱萸 Jamaican dogwood (Piscidia piscipula):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

⻩芩 BAICAL SKULLCAP (SCUTELLARIA BAICALENSIS)

传统应⽤:

有助于减少与过敏或哮喘相关的炎症 [i]
有助于肠胃问题 [ii]
抗焦虑 [iii]
温和的镇静作⽤ [iv]
减少肠胃不适 [v]

参考⽂献

⻩芩 Baical Skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

欧洲荚蒾 CRAMPBARK (VIBURNUM OPULUS)

传统应⽤:

抗痉挛，减少绞痛和腹部绞痛 [i]
温和的镇静剂 [ii]

参考⽂献

欧洲荚蒾 Crampbark (Viburnum opulus):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

圣约翰草 ST JOHN’S WORT (HYPERICUM PERFORATUM)

传统应⽤:

⼀种舒缓神经系统的草药[i]
抑郁症[ii]
易怒[iii] 失眠[iv]
减少焦虑[v]·
减轻情绪压⼒[vi]
有助于减轻疼痛的镇痛作⽤[vii]
更年期和经前症状[viii]

参考⽂献

圣约翰草 St John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum):

Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.

西洋杜荆树 CHASTE TREE (VITEX AGNES-CASTUS)

传统应⽤：

常⽤于治疗经前期紧张[i]
对于不规则排卵[ii] 兴奋性[iii]
平衡雌激素和孕激素[iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项随机双盲，为期三个⽉经周期的平⾏组安慰剂对照研究。178名妇⼥接受筛查，170⼈接受评估(实验组86例;对照组 84)。平均年龄36岁，平均⽉经周期28天，平均⽉经持续时间4.5天。西洋杜荆树(提取物⼲⽚)每⽇⼀⽚或配合安慰剂，连续三个周期给药。主要疗效变量: 从基线到终点(第三周期结束)⼥性对易怒、情绪改变、愤怒、头痛、乳房胀满和其他
⽉经症状包括腹胀的⾃我评估的变化。结果显⽰，与安慰剂相⽐，西洋杜荆树补充剂具有显著的改善效果 [v]

参考⽂献

西洋杜荆树 Chaste Tree (Vitex agnes-castus):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Schellenberg Treatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: prospective, randomised, placebo- controlled study BMJ 2001; 322 :134

锯棕榈 SAW PALMETTO (SERENOA REPENS)

传统应⽤:

男性泌尿和前列腺问题，如良性前列腺肥⼤或膀胱炎 [i]
前列腺保护 [ii]
泌尿⽣殖系统炎症 [iii]
抗痉挛 [iv]
壮阳药 [v]
性激素紊乱 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2019年，⼀项双盲、安慰剂对照研究对来⾃19个机构的354名LUTS/BPH(下尿路症状/良性前列腺增⽣)患者进⾏了评估，评估了锯棕榈的有效性和安全性。参与者被随机分配 (1:1) 到锯棕榈提取物 (320 毫克) 或安慰剂组，为期 24 周。主要功效参数是从基线到每次评估的国际前列腺症状评分和峰值尿流的变化。次要功效参数包括贮尿症状和排尿症状评分、前列腺体积、尿频和总前列腺特异性抗原⽔平的改善。其他评估参数包括⽣活质量评分、四项男性性功能问卷评分和国际勃起功能指数评分。结果显⽰:锯棕榈提取物组与安慰剂组⽐较，峰值尿流量、国际前列腺症状评分、贮尿症状和排尿症状评分、⽣活质量评分、男性性功能问卷四项评分、勃起功能国际指数评分差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。作者得出结论，该提取物有效、安全、耐受性良好，并且在临床和统计学上优于安慰剂 [vii]

参考⽂献

锯棕榈 Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia;
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia;
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia;
Bekker B, Humphreys Materia Medica and Repertory for Homeobotanical Therapy. The Herbal Energy Centre. 2014. Auckland New Zealand
Bekker B, Humphreys Materia Medica and Repertory for Homeobotanical Therapy. The Herbal Energy Centre. 2014. Auckland New Zealand
Ye Z, Huang J, Zhou L, Chen S, Wang Z, Ma L, Wang D, Wang G, Wang S, Liang C, Qiu S, Gu X, Liu J, Weng Z, Wu C, Wei Q, Xie L, Wu W, Cheng Y, Hu J, Wang Z, Zeng X. Efficacy and Safety of Serenoa repens Extract Among Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in China: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Urology. 2019 Jul;129:172-179. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.02.030. Epub 2019 Mar PMID: 30880074.

柳草 WILLOW HERB (EPILOBIUM PARVIFLORUM)

传统应⽤:

前列腺慢性疾病 [i]
前列腺肥⼤引起的尿路梗阻 [ii]

参考⽂献

柳草 Willow herb (Epilobium parviflorum):

- [ii] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

熊果叶 BEARBERRY (ARCHTOSTAPHYLOS URA-URSI)

传统应⽤:

对泌尿系统的舒缓作⽤ [i]
急性和慢性膀胱感染 [ii]
酸性尿 [iii] 排尿痛 [iv] 肾结⽯ [v]
前列腺、膀胱或肾脏的疼痛和炎症 [vi]

参考⽂献

熊果叶 Bearberry (Archtostaphylos ura-ursi):

- [vi] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

刺蒺藜 TRIBULUS (TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS)

传统应⽤:

男性⽣育和阳痿的壮阳药 [i]
排尿痛 [ii]
肾结⽯ [iii]
痛⻛和尿酸 [iv]

参考⽂献

刺蒺藜 Tribulus (Tribulus terrestris):

- [iv] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

西番莲PASSIONFLOWER (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA)

传统应⽤:

烦躁、清醒、神经易激惹，尤其是由于精疲⼒竭或⻓期患病 [i]
歇斯底⾥，神经性⼼动过速 [ii]
婴⼉和⽼年⼈失眠或因精神担忧或过度劳累 [iii] [iv]
痉挛性疾病，包括破伤⻛、舞蹈病和百⽇咳、全⾝性癫痫发作、癫痫、痉挛性哮喘、呼吸抑制 [v] [vi]
神经痛（包括⾯部、直肠和⼼脏疼痛）[vii] [viii]
由⽉经紊乱、痉挛性痛经引起的神经症状 [ix]
巴西⽤于治疗失眠的传统⽤途 [x]

药理/临床应⽤：

在 2001 年的⼀项为期 14 天的临床试验中，⼈们发现西番莲在治疗⼴泛性焦虑症⽅⾯与奥沙西泮（⼀种苯⼆氮卓类药物）同样有效。作者还强调，西番莲能降低⼯作绩效受损的发⽣率。推荐剂量为 45 滴 [xi]
单剂量的西番莲提取物（7g 剂量的⼲药草）表现出镇静作⽤，与健康⼥性志愿者的警觉性⾃评量表评估的基线值相⽐ [xii]
有助于减轻焦虑，并且已被发现与抗焦虑药物⼀样有效，⽽且没有减轻焦虑带来的副作⽤。它的镇静作⽤也有助于诱导睡眠
并减轻疼痛和头痛 [xi] [xiii]
⼀些动物研究表明，西番莲单独或与洋⽢菊或卡⽡胡椒联合使⽤都具有促进睡眠的作⽤ [xiii]
⼀项双盲安慰剂试验评估了西番莲草本茶对 41 名参与者的睡眠效果。研究⼈员发现，与安慰剂相⽐，睡眠质量有显著改善 [xiv]

洋⽢菊CHAMOMILE (MATRICARIA RECUTITA)

传统应⽤：

肠胃胀⽓或神经性消化不良、晕⻋、神经性腹泻、胃肠道神经紊乱、肠胀⽓绞痛伴腹胀 [i] [ii]
烦躁、⼉童神经过敏、出⽛问题、⻛湿性和神经痛 [iii][iv]
痛经和闭经 [v][vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

尽管在医疗过程中经历了疼痛和焦虑，12名⼼导管患者中有10⼈在服⽤洋⽢菊茶后进⼊深度睡眠 [vii] 这种镇静作⽤有助于减轻焦虑、促进睡眠，并减轻肠易激综合征、胀⽓和腹胀等胃肠道症状 [viii] [ix] 2017年的⼀项⼩⿏研究发现，其抗焦虑作⽤与地西泮相当 [x]
2005年的⼀项研究使⽤睡眠⼲扰模型率调查了洋⽢菊和西番莲提取物的催眠活性。作者得出结论，洋⽢菊提取物是⼀种具有苯⼆氮卓类催眠活性的草药 [xi]
⼀项关于洋⽢菊对⽼年⼈睡眠质量的调查发现，洋⽢菊提取物具有镇静作⽤，因此作者建议将其⽤于养⽼院住院⽼年患者的
类似病例中 [xii]

柠檬⾹蜂草LEMON BALM (MELISSA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

胀⽓性消化不良 [i] 抑郁、神经衰弱 [ii] 痛经 [iii]
普通感冒和流感 [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

2006 年的⼀项研究调查了 918 名 12 岁或以下患有躁动和神经性睡眠障碍的⼉童服⽤缬草和柠檬⾹蜂草联合制剂对的疗效和耐受性。发现 80.9% 的患者睡眠障碍有改善，70.4% 的患者躁动症状有明显改善 [v]
2016 年的⼀项研究强调了柠檬⾹蜂草在减轻烧伤患者的焦虑、抑郁和改善睡眠质量⽅⾯的重要⽤途 [vi]
由于柠檬⾹蜂草提取物与中枢神经系统、胆碱能和GABA 能系统的直接相互作⽤，具有有效的抗焦虑活性，可减少应激和⽣理紊乱 [vii]
2004 年的⼀项关于柠檬⾹蜂草对⼈类实验室诱发压⼒的研究结果显⽰，其改善了 DISS（定义强度压⼒刺激）的负
⾯情绪影响，显着提⾼了对平静的⾃我评价，降低了对警觉的⾃我评价 [viii]
帮助减少焦虑和压⼒相关的睡眠问题。舒缓消化，有助于提升情绪 [ix]

延胡索CORYDALIS (CORYDALIS AMBIGUA)

传统应⽤:

助眠的镇静作⽤ [i]
减少焦虑 [ii]
减少情绪压⼒ [iii]
减轻疼痛的镇痛作⽤ [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

Tian等⼈的研究表明，延胡索在药理学上⽀持治疗⼼肌缺⾎、缺⾎性中⻛、⾎栓形成、癌症、神经退⾏性疾病、抑郁症、⽌痛等疾病的治疗。它具有抗抑郁、抗焦虑和镇静作⽤ [v]

加州花菱草CALIFORNIAN POPPY (ESCHSCHOLZIA CALIFORNICA)

传统应⽤:

有助于减轻疼痛 [i]
帮助减少焦虑 [ii]
促进睡眠 [iii]

药理/临床应⽤：

Fedurco M等⼈的研究表明加州花菱草具有温和的镇静作⽤ [iv]

啤酒花 HOPS (HUMULUS LUPULUS)

传统应⽤:

失眠，兴奋 [i]
头痛、神经痛、震颤性谵妄 [ii]

药理/临床应⽤：

250 mgkg-1 浓度的啤酒花提取物在⼝服2 ⼩时后显着降低体温。提取物的效果与褪⿊激素相当，尽管后者的开始作
⽤时间较早（腹腔注射后 60 分钟）。啤酒花提取物 (250 mgkg-1, po) 和褪⿊素 (50 mgkg-1, ip) 的低温效应与竞争性褪⿊激素拮抗剂卢津多尔拮抗，后者以 30 mgkg-1 的浓度进⾏（腹腔注射前 15 分钟）药物治疗 [iii]
⼀项平⾏组设计的随机、双盲、对照临床试验评估了使⽤啤酒花缬草制剂或苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗的外源性睡眠障碍患者的⽣活质量参数，例如暂时性睡眠发作和睡眠中断。根据 DSM-IV 标准，该试验证明了等效的疗效和耐受性。根据睡眠质量、健康状况和⽣活质量，两种疗法的等效性得到了证明。患者的健康状况在治疗期间有所改善，但在停
⽤两种制剂后病情恶化。作者得出结论，研究中适当剂量的啤酒花缬草制剂是苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗⾮慢性和⾮精神性睡眠障碍的明智替代品 [iv]
该实验由17名健康的⼥护⼠(n = 17)轮流和/或夜班进⾏。晚饭后适度摄⼊含啤酒花（333 毫升，含 0.0% 酒精）的⽆酒精啤酒 14 天（治疗）后，通过活动记录仪 (ActiwatchH) 评估夜间睡眠和时间⽣物学参数。该数据与她们⾃⼰晚餐期间不喝啤酒的对照组对⽐。活动记录仪结果表明，在最重要的参数⽅⾯，夜间睡眠质量有所改善：与对照组(20.5064.21 分钟) 相⽐，治疗组 (12.0161.19 分钟) 的睡眠潜伏期减少 (p#0.05)，总活动也是。（p#0.05；治疗组 = 5284.786836.99 活动脉冲 vs 对照组 = 7258.786898.89 活动脉冲）。此外，根据状态-特质焦虑量表 (STAI) 的索引，焦虑在治疗组中有所减少（状态焦虑 18.0963.8 对⽐对照组 20.6962.14）[v]
⼀项随机 (1:1)、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉设计，包括两个 4 周的⼲预期（Melcalin 啤酒花或安慰剂；每天两粒0.2 克胶囊），间隔为 2 周。在 4 周治疗期的开始和结束时进⾏⼈体测量、DASS-21 评估和晨间⽪质醇⾎浆⽔平测量。 36 名参与者（⼥/男：31/5；年龄：24.7±0.5 岁）完成了研究⼲预（流失：6/42）。在服⽤啤酒花或安慰剂时，没有发现体重、成分或晨间循环⽪质醇的显著变化。啤酒花显著降低DASS-21焦虑、抑郁和压⼒得分(9.2±7.3 vs.
5.1±5.9,11.9±7.9 vs. 9.2±7.4,19.1±8.1 vs. 11.6±8.1;p值均<0.05)，显著⾼于安慰剂作⽤(p值均<0.05) [vi]

美⻩芩 SKULLCAP (SCUTELLARIA LATERIFLORA)

传统应⽤:

对神经系统和神经兴奋性有镇静作⽤ [i]
由⾝体或精神过度劳累引起的烦躁、清醒和紊乱 [ii]
焦虑 [iii]
⾝体或精神上的疲倦 [iv]
头痛和抑郁 [v]
癫痫、神经痛、震颤 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

⻩芩类⻩酮与GABA受体的苯⼆氮平位点结合，提⽰美⻩芩具有抗焦虑作⽤ [vii]
2003年的⼀项研究表明，⻩芩地上部分和⼀些⻩酮类化合物对5-羟⾊胺(5-HT7)有很⾼的亲和⼒。众所周知，5-HT7
拮抗剂和反向激动剂有益于治疗睡眠障碍、焦虑、恐慌、应激相关障碍、恐惧症、经前紊乱 [viii]
⼀项对英国和爱尔兰草药从业者的调查表明，美⻩芩被认为是对失眠、焦虑和压⼒的有效⼲预 [ix]

薰⾐草 LAVENDER (LAVENDULA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
头痛 [iv]
消化不良 [v]
有助于促进睡眠 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2011年的⼀项对⼩⿏的研究发现，与地西泮相⽐，薰⾐草具有类似的镇静和催眠作⽤ [vii]

卡⽡胡椒 KAVA (PIPER METHYSTICUM)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
肌⾁紧张和头痛 [iv]
更年期症状 [v]
消化不良 [vi]
有助于促进睡眠 [vii]

药理/临床应⽤：

共有 75 名患有 GAD（⼴泛性焦虑）且⽆合并情绪障碍的参与者参加了⼀项为期 6 周的卡⽡⽔提取物（每天 120/240 毫克卡⽡内酯，视反应⽽定）与安慰剂的双盲试验。使⽤汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表 (HAMA) 作为主要结果来测量焦虑的减少。卡⽡的耐受性良好，除了卡⽡组报告的头痛更多（P = 0.05）外，组间在任何其他不良反应和肝功能检查⽅⾯没有显着性差异。标准化的卡⽡可能是治疗 GAD 的⼀种中度有效的短期选择 [viii]
本试验的⽬的是研究卡⽡特殊提取物 WS 1490 在与⾮精神病源性焦虑、紧张和烦躁状态相关的睡眠障碍患者中的有效性和安全性。在⼀项随机、双盲临床研究中，61名患者接受每⽇剂量200 mg WS 1490或安慰剂，为期4周。经过4 周的双盲治疗后，与基线相⽐，卡⽡提取物 WS 1490 的 assif 组间差异具有统计学意义（分别为 P=0.007 和P=0.018）。卡⽡提取物在汉密尔顿⼼理焦虑分值上也有较好的效果(P=0.002)。在幸福感⾃评和整体临床评价⽅⾯效果更明显，也表明卡⽡提取物治疗效果更好。安全性和耐受性良好，没有与药物相关的不良事件或临床或实验室参数的变化 [ix]

⽛买加⼭茱萸 JAMAICAN DOGWOOD (PISCIDIA PISCIPULA)

传统应⽤:

降低神经兴奋性 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
具有减轻疼痛和镇静作⽤，以帮助减轻疼痛 [iii]
有助于促进睡眠 [iv]

奶蓟草 MILK THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化作⽤，特别有助于肝功能保护肝脏防⽌损伤
⽀持肝脏修复
⽀持健康的肝细胞再⽣。肝功能低下会减少褪⿊激素的产⽣，褪⿊激素是睡眠的关键神经递质。

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项对照、双盲临床试验表明，圣玛丽蓟浓缩提取物对治疗中毒性肝损伤、慢性炎症性肝病和肝硬化有好处。圣玛丽蓟在西⽅草药中的传统适应症包括⻩疸、肝炎、胆结⽯等肝胆疾病 [i]

菩提花 LIME FLOWERS (TILIA VULGARIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
⽀持焦虑的镇静作⽤ [i]
头痛 [i]
⾼⾎压 [i]
有助于促进睡眠 [i]

药理/临床应⽤：

结果表明，圣约翰草和菩提花均能显著提⾼⼩⿏的静⽌时间，降低⼩⿏的饲养速度等参数，在10 ~ 100mg/kg剂量范围内具有明显的镇静作⽤ [ii]

⼤枣 ZIZYPHUS (ZIZYPHUS JUJUBE)

传统应⽤:

减少⼼悸·
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑更年期出汗和盗汗症状有助于促进睡眠

药理/临床应⽤：

⼤枣对治疗烦躁不安引起的失眠有⼀定的疗效 [i]
本研究旨在探讨⼤枣⽔提物对⼩⿏睡眠时间和焦虑⽔平的影响。试验组注射3剂⼤枣⽔提液(200-400-600 mg/kg)，对照组腹腔注射⽣理盐⽔。本研究表明，⼤枣⽔提物可以延⻓⼩⿏的睡眠时间并降低焦虑⽔平 [ii]

西番莲PASSIONFLOWER (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA)

传统应⽤:

烦躁、清醒、神经易激惹，尤其是由于精疲⼒竭或⻓期患病 [i]
歇斯底⾥，神经性⼼动过速 [ii]
婴⼉和⽼年⼈失眠或因精神担忧或过度劳累 [iii] [iv]
痉挛性疾病，包括破伤⻛、舞蹈病和百⽇咳、全⾝性癫痫发作、癫痫、痉挛性哮喘、呼吸抑制 [v] [vi]
神经痛（包括⾯部、直肠和⼼脏疼痛）[vii] [viii]
由⽉经紊乱、痉挛性痛经引起的神经症状 [ix]
巴西⽤于治疗失眠的传统⽤途 [x]

药理/临床应⽤：

在 2001 年的⼀项为期 14 天的临床试验中，⼈们发现西番莲在治疗⼴泛性焦虑症⽅⾯与奥沙西泮（⼀种苯⼆氮卓类药物）同样有效。作者还强调，西番莲能降低⼯作绩效受损的发⽣率。推荐剂量为 45 滴 [xi]
单剂量的西番莲提取物（7g 剂量的⼲药草）表现出镇静作⽤，与健康⼥性志愿者的警觉性⾃评量表评估的基线值相⽐ [xii]
有助于减轻焦虑，并且已被发现与抗焦虑药物⼀样有效，⽽且没有减轻焦虑带来的副作⽤。它的镇静作⽤也有助于诱导睡眠
并减轻疼痛和头痛 [xi] [xiii]
⼀些动物研究表明，西番莲单独或与洋⽢菊或卡⽡胡椒联合使⽤都具有促进睡眠的作⽤ [xiii]
⼀项双盲安慰剂试验评估了西番莲草本茶对 41 名参与者的睡眠效果。研究⼈员发现，与安慰剂相⽐，睡眠质量有显著改善 [xiv]

洋⽢菊CHAMOMILE (MATRICARIA RECUTITA)

传统应⽤：

肠胃胀⽓或神经性消化不良、晕⻋、神经性腹泻、胃肠道神经紊乱、肠胀⽓绞痛伴腹胀 [i] [ii]
烦躁、⼉童神经过敏、出⽛问题、⻛湿性和神经痛 [iii][iv]
痛经和闭经 [v][vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

尽管在医疗过程中经历了疼痛和焦虑，12名⼼导管患者中有10⼈在服⽤洋⽢菊茶后进⼊深度睡眠 [vii] 这种镇静作⽤有助于减轻焦虑、促进睡眠，并减轻肠易激综合征、胀⽓和腹胀等胃肠道症状 [viii] [ix] 2017年的⼀项⼩⿏研究发现，其抗焦虑作⽤与地西泮相当 [x]
2005年的⼀项研究使⽤睡眠⼲扰模型率调查了洋⽢菊和西番莲提取物的催眠活性。作者得出结论，洋⽢菊提取物是⼀种具有苯⼆氮卓类催眠活性的草药 [xi]
⼀项关于洋⽢菊对⽼年⼈睡眠质量的调查发现，洋⽢菊提取物具有镇静作⽤，因此作者建议将其⽤于养⽼院住院⽼年患者的
类似病例中 [xii]

合欢 ALBIZIA LEBBECK (SIRIS TREE)

传统应⽤：

由于其抗炎作⽤，有助于减少过敏反应 [i]
⽀持肾上腺⽪质功能 [ii]
保护肾上腺 [iii]

延胡索CORYDALIS (CORYDALIS AMBIGUA)

传统应⽤:

助眠的镇静作⽤ [i]
减少焦虑 [ii]
减少情绪压⼒ [iii]
减轻疼痛的镇痛作⽤ [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

Tian等⼈的研究表明，延胡索在药理学上⽀持治疗⼼肌缺⾎、缺⾎性中⻛、⾎栓形成、癌症、神经退⾏性疾病、抑郁症、⽌痛等疾病的治疗。它具有抗抑郁、抗焦虑和镇静作⽤ [v]

加州花菱草CALIFORNIAN POPPY (ESCHSCHOLZIA CALIFORNICA)

传统应⽤:

有助于减轻疼痛 [i]
帮助减少焦虑 [ii]
促进睡眠 [iii]

药理/临床应⽤：

Fedurco M等⼈的研究表明加州花菱草具有温和的镇静作⽤ [iv]

薰⾐草 LAVENDER (LAVENDULA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
头痛 [iv]
消化不良 [v]
有助于促进睡眠 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2011年的⼀项对⼩⿏的研究发现，与地西泮相⽐，薰⾐草具有类似的镇静和催眠作⽤ [vii]

啤酒花 HOPS (HUMULUS LUPULUS)

传统应⽤:

失眠，兴奋 [i]
头痛、神经痛、震颤性谵妄 [ii]

药理/临床应⽤：

250 mgkg-1 浓度的啤酒花提取物在⼝服2 ⼩时后显着降低体温。提取物的效果与褪⿊激素相当，尽管后者的开始作
⽤时间较早（腹腔注射后 60 分钟）。啤酒花提取物 (250 mgkg-1, po) 和褪⿊素 (50 mgkg-1, ip) 的低温效应与竞争性褪⿊激素拮抗剂卢津多尔拮抗，后者以 30 mgkg-1 的浓度进⾏（腹腔注射前 15 分钟）药物治疗 [iii]
⼀项平⾏组设计的随机、双盲、对照临床试验评估了使⽤啤酒花缬草制剂或苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗的外源性睡眠障碍患者的⽣活质量参数，例如暂时性睡眠发作和睡眠中断。根据 DSM-IV 标准，该试验证明了等效的疗效和耐受性。根据睡眠质量、健康状况和⽣活质量，两种疗法的等效性得到了证明。患者的健康状况在治疗期间有所改善，但在停
⽤两种制剂后病情恶化。作者得出结论，研究中适当剂量的啤酒花缬草制剂是苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗⾮慢性和⾮精神性睡眠障碍的明智替代品 [iv]
该实验由17名健康的⼥护⼠(n = 17)轮流和/或夜班进⾏。晚饭后适度摄⼊含啤酒花（333 毫升，含 0.0% 酒精）的⽆酒精啤酒 14 天（治疗）后，通过活动记录仪 (ActiwatchH) 评估夜间睡眠和时间⽣物学参数。该数据与她们⾃⼰晚餐期间不喝啤酒的对照组对⽐。活动记录仪结果表明，在最重要的参数⽅⾯，夜间睡眠质量有所改善：与对照组(20.5064.21 分钟) 相⽐，治疗组 (12.0161.19 分钟) 的睡眠潜伏期减少 (p#0.05)，总活动也是。（p#0.05；治疗组 = 5284.786836.99 活动脉冲 vs 对照组 = 7258.786898.89 活动脉冲）。此外，根据状态-特质焦虑量表 (STAI) 的索引，焦虑在治疗组中有所减少（状态焦虑 18.0963.8 对⽐对照组 20.6962.14）[v]
⼀项随机 (1:1)、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉设计，包括两个 4 周的⼲预期（Melcalin 啤酒花或安慰剂；每天两粒0.2 克胶囊），间隔为 2 周。在 4 周治疗期的开始和结束时进⾏⼈体测量、DASS-21 评估和晨间⽪质醇⾎浆⽔平测量。 36 名参与者（⼥/男：31/5；年龄：24.7±0.5 岁）完成了研究⼲预（流失：6/42）。在服⽤啤酒花或安慰剂时，没有发现体重、成分或晨间循环⽪质醇的显著变化。啤酒花显著降低DASS-21焦虑、抑郁和压⼒得分(9.2±7.3 vs.
5.1±5.9,11.9±7.9 vs. 9.2±7.4,19.1±8.1 vs. 11.6±8.1;p值均<0.05)，显著⾼于安慰剂作⽤(p值均<0.05) [vi]

⻩芩 BAICAL SKULLCAP (SCUTELLARIA BAICALENSIS)

传统应⽤:

有助于减少与过敏或哮喘相关的炎症 [i]
有助于肠胃问题 [ii]
抗焦虑 [iii]
温和的镇静作⽤ [iv]
减少肠胃不适 [v]

欧洲荚蒾 CRAMPBARK (VIBURNUM OPULUS)

传统应⽤:

抗痉挛，减少绞痛和腹部绞痛 [i]
温和的镇静剂 [ii]

卡⽡胡椒 KAVA (PIPER METHYSTICUM)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
肌⾁紧张和头痛 [iv]
更年期症状 [v]
消化不良 [vi]
有助于促进睡眠 [vii]

药理/临床应⽤：

共有 75 名患有 GAD（⼴泛性焦虑）且⽆合并情绪障碍的参与者参加了⼀项为期 6 周的卡⽡⽔提取物（每天 120/240 毫克卡⽡内酯，视反应⽽定）与安慰剂的双盲试验。使⽤汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表 (HAMA) 作为主要结果来测量焦虑的减少。卡⽡的耐受性良好，除了卡⽡组报告的头痛更多（P = 0.05）外，组间在任何其他不良反应和肝功能检查⽅⾯没有显着性差异。标准化的卡⽡可能是治疗 GAD 的⼀种中度有效的短期选择 [viii]
本试验的⽬的是研究卡⽡特殊提取物 WS 1490 在与⾮精神病源性焦虑、紧张和烦躁状态相关的睡眠障碍患者中的有效性和安全性。在⼀项随机、双盲临床研究中，61名患者接受每⽇剂量200 mg WS 1490或安慰剂，为期4周。经过4 周的双盲治疗后，与基线相⽐，卡⽡提取物 WS 1490 的 assif 组间差异具有统计学意义（分别为 P=0.007 和P=0.018）。卡⽡提取物在汉密尔顿⼼理焦虑分值上也有较好的效果(P=0.002)。在幸福感⾃评和整体临床评价⽅⾯效果更明显，也表明卡⽡提取物治疗效果更好。安全性和耐受性良好，没有与药物相关的不良事件或临床或实验室参数的变化 [ix]

⽛买加⼭茱萸 JAMAICAN DOGWOOD (PISCIDIA PISCIPULA)

传统应⽤:

降低神经兴奋性 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
具有减轻疼痛和镇静作⽤，以帮助减轻疼痛 [iii]
有助于促进睡眠 [iv]

⼤枣 ZIZYPHUS (ZIZYPHUS JUJUBE)

传统应⽤:

减少⼼悸·
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑更年期出汗和盗汗症状有助于促进睡眠

药理/临床应⽤：

⼤枣对治疗烦躁不安引起的失眠有⼀定的疗效 [i]
本研究旨在探讨⼤枣⽔提物对⼩⿏睡眠时间和焦虑⽔平的影响。试验组注射3剂⼤枣⽔提液(200-400-600 mg/kg)，对照组腹腔注射⽣理盐⽔。本研究表明，⼤枣⽔提物可以延⻓⼩⿏的睡眠时间并降低焦虑⽔平 [ii]

西番莲PASSIONFLOWER (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA)

传统应⽤:

烦躁、清醒、神经易激惹，尤其是由于精疲⼒竭或⻓期患病 [i]
歇斯底⾥，神经性⼼动过速 [ii]
婴⼉和⽼年⼈失眠或因精神担忧或过度劳累 [iii] [iv]
痉挛性疾病，包括破伤⻛、舞蹈病和百⽇咳、全⾝性癫痫发作、癫痫、痉挛性哮喘、呼吸抑制 [v] [vi]
神经痛（包括⾯部、直肠和⼼脏疼痛）[vii] [viii]
由⽉经紊乱、痉挛性痛经引起的神经症状 [ix]
巴西⽤于治疗失眠的传统⽤途 [x]

药理/临床应⽤：

在 2001 年的⼀项为期 14 天的临床试验中，⼈们发现西番莲在治疗⼴泛性焦虑症⽅⾯与奥沙西泮（⼀种苯⼆氮卓类药物）同样有效。作者还强调，西番莲能降低⼯作绩效受损的发⽣率。推荐剂量为 45 滴 [xi]
单剂量的西番莲提取物（7g 剂量的⼲药草）表现出镇静作⽤，与健康⼥性志愿者的警觉性⾃评量表评估的基线值相⽐ [xii]
有助于减轻焦虑，并且已被发现与抗焦虑药物⼀样有效，⽽且没有减轻焦虑带来的副作⽤。它的镇静作⽤也有助于诱导睡眠
并减轻疼痛和头痛 [xi] [xiii]
⼀些动物研究表明，西番莲单独或与洋⽢菊或卡⽡胡椒联合使⽤都具有促进睡眠的作⽤ [xiii]
⼀项双盲安慰剂试验评估了西番莲草本茶对 41 名参与者的睡眠效果。研究⼈员发现，与安慰剂相⽐，睡眠质量有显著改善 [xiv]

洋⽢菊CHAMOMILE (MATRICARIA RECUTITA)

传统应⽤：

肠胃胀⽓或神经性消化不良、晕⻋、神经性腹泻、胃肠道神经紊乱、肠胀⽓绞痛伴腹胀 [i] [ii]
烦躁、⼉童神经过敏、出⽛问题、⻛湿性和神经痛 [iii][iv]
痛经和闭经 [v][vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

尽管在医疗过程中经历了疼痛和焦虑，12名⼼导管患者中有10⼈在服⽤洋⽢菊茶后进⼊深度睡眠 [vii] 这种镇静作⽤有助于减轻焦虑、促进睡眠，并减轻肠易激综合征、胀⽓和腹胀等胃肠道症状 [viii] [ix] 2017年的⼀项⼩⿏研究发现，其抗焦虑作⽤与地西泮相当 [x]
2005年的⼀项研究使⽤睡眠⼲扰模型率调查了洋⽢菊和西番莲提取物的催眠活性。作者得出结论，洋⽢菊提取物是⼀种具有苯⼆氮卓类催眠活性的草药 [xi]
⼀项关于洋⽢菊对⽼年⼈睡眠质量的调查发现，洋⽢菊提取物具有镇静作⽤，因此作者建议将其⽤于养⽼院住院⽼年患者的
类似病例中 [xii]

柠檬⾹蜂草LEMON BALM (MELISSA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

胀⽓性消化不良 [i] 抑郁、神经衰弱 [ii] 痛经 [iii]
普通感冒和流感 [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

2006 年的⼀项研究调查了 918 名 12 岁或以下患有躁动和神经性睡眠障碍的⼉童服⽤缬草和柠檬⾹蜂草联合制剂对的疗效和耐受性。发现 80.9% 的患者睡眠障碍有改善，70.4% 的患者躁动症状有明显改善 [v]
2016 年的⼀项研究强调了柠檬⾹蜂草在减轻烧伤患者的焦虑、抑郁和改善睡眠质量⽅⾯的重要⽤途 [vi]
由于柠檬⾹蜂草提取物与中枢神经系统、胆碱能和GABA 能系统的直接相互作⽤，具有有效的抗焦虑活性，可减少应激和⽣理紊乱 [vii]
2004 年的⼀项关于柠檬⾹蜂草对⼈类实验室诱发压⼒的研究结果显⽰，其改善了 DISS（定义强度压⼒刺激）的负
⾯情绪影响，显着提⾼了对平静的⾃我评价，降低了对警觉的⾃我评价 [viii]
帮助减少焦虑和压⼒相关的睡眠问题。舒缓消化，有助于提升情绪 [ix]

延胡索CORYDALIS (CORYDALIS AMBIGUA)

传统应⽤:

助眠的镇静作⽤ [i]
减少焦虑 [ii]
减少情绪压⼒ [iii]
减轻疼痛的镇痛作⽤ [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

Tian等⼈的研究表明，延胡索在药理学上⽀持治疗⼼肌缺⾎、缺⾎性中⻛、⾎栓形成、癌症、神经退⾏性疾病、抑郁症、⽌痛等疾病的治疗。它具有抗抑郁、抗焦虑和镇静作⽤ [v]

加州花菱草CALIFORNIAN POPPY (ESCHSCHOLZIA CALIFORNICA)

传统应⽤:

有助于减轻疼痛 [i]
帮助减少焦虑 [ii]
促进睡眠 [iii]

药理/临床应⽤：

Fedurco M等⼈的研究表明加州花菱草具有温和的镇静作⽤ [iv]

啤酒花 HOPS (HUMULUS LUPULUS)

传统应⽤:

失眠，兴奋 [i]
头痛、神经痛、震颤性谵妄 [ii]

药理/临床应⽤：

250 mgkg-1 浓度的啤酒花提取物在⼝服2 ⼩时后显着降低体温。提取物的效果与褪⿊激素相当，尽管后者的开始作
⽤时间较早（腹腔注射后 60 分钟）。啤酒花提取物 (250 mgkg-1, po) 和褪⿊素 (50 mgkg-1, ip) 的低温效应与竞争性褪⿊激素拮抗剂卢津多尔拮抗，后者以 30 mgkg-1 的浓度进⾏（腹腔注射前 15 分钟）药物治疗 [iii]
⼀项平⾏组设计的随机、双盲、对照临床试验评估了使⽤啤酒花缬草制剂或苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗的外源性睡眠障碍患者的⽣活质量参数，例如暂时性睡眠发作和睡眠中断。根据 DSM-IV 标准，该试验证明了等效的疗效和耐受性。根据睡眠质量、健康状况和⽣活质量，两种疗法的等效性得到了证明。患者的健康状况在治疗期间有所改善，但在停
⽤两种制剂后病情恶化。作者得出结论，研究中适当剂量的啤酒花缬草制剂是苯⼆氮卓类药物治疗⾮慢性和⾮精神性睡眠障碍的明智替代品 [iv]
该实验由17名健康的⼥护⼠(n = 17)轮流和/或夜班进⾏。晚饭后适度摄⼊含啤酒花（333 毫升，含 0.0% 酒精）的⽆酒精啤酒 14 天（治疗）后，通过活动记录仪 (ActiwatchH) 评估夜间睡眠和时间⽣物学参数。该数据与她们⾃⼰晚餐期间不喝啤酒的对照组对⽐。活动记录仪结果表明，在最重要的参数⽅⾯，夜间睡眠质量有所改善：与对照组(20.5064.21 分钟) 相⽐，治疗组 (12.0161.19 分钟) 的睡眠潜伏期减少 (p#0.05)，总活动也是。（p#0.05；治疗组 = 5284.786836.99 活动脉冲 vs 对照组 = 7258.786898.89 活动脉冲）。此外，根据状态-特质焦虑量表 (STAI) 的索引，焦虑在治疗组中有所减少（状态焦虑 18.0963.8 对⽐对照组 20.6962.14）[v]
⼀项随机 (1:1)、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉设计，包括两个 4 周的⼲预期（Melcalin 啤酒花或安慰剂；每天两粒0.2 克胶囊），间隔为 2 周。在 4 周治疗期的开始和结束时进⾏⼈体测量、DASS-21 评估和晨间⽪质醇⾎浆⽔平测量。 36 名参与者（⼥/男：31/5；年龄：24.7±0.5 岁）完成了研究⼲预（流失：6/42）。在服⽤啤酒花或安慰剂时，没有发现体重、成分或晨间循环⽪质醇的显著变化。啤酒花显著降低DASS-21焦虑、抑郁和压⼒得分(9.2±7.3 vs.
5.1±5.9,11.9±7.9 vs. 9.2±7.4,19.1±8.1 vs. 11.6±8.1;p值均<0.05)，显著⾼于安慰剂作⽤(p值均<0.05) [vi]

美⻩芩 SKULLCAP (SCUTELLARIA LATERIFLORA)

传统应⽤:

对神经系统和神经兴奋性有镇静作⽤ [i]
由⾝体或精神过度劳累引起的烦躁、清醒和紊乱 [ii]
焦虑 [iii]
⾝体或精神上的疲倦 [iv]
头痛和抑郁 [v]
癫痫、神经痛、震颤 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

⻩芩类⻩酮与GABA受体的苯⼆氮平位点结合，提⽰美⻩芩具有抗焦虑作⽤ [vii]
2003年的⼀项研究表明，⻩芩地上部分和⼀些⻩酮类化合物对5-羟⾊胺(5-HT7)有很⾼的亲和⼒。众所周知，5-HT7
拮抗剂和反向激动剂有益于治疗睡眠障碍、焦虑、恐慌、应激相关障碍、恐惧症、经前紊乱 [viii]
⼀项对英国和爱尔兰草药从业者的调查表明，美⻩芩被认为是对失眠、焦虑和压⼒的有效⼲预 [ix]

薰⾐草 LAVENDER (LAVENDULA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
头痛 [iv]
消化不良 [v]
有助于促进睡眠 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2011年的⼀项对⼩⿏的研究发现，与地西泮相⽐，薰⾐草具有类似的镇静和催眠作⽤ [vii]

卡⽡胡椒 KAVA (PIPER METHYSTICUM)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
肌⾁紧张和头痛 [iv]
更年期症状 [v]
消化不良 [vi]
有助于促进睡眠 [vii]

药理/临床应⽤：

共有 75 名患有 GAD（⼴泛性焦虑）且⽆合并情绪障碍的参与者参加了⼀项为期 6 周的卡⽡⽔提取物（每天 120/240 毫克卡⽡内酯，视反应⽽定）与安慰剂的双盲试验。使⽤汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表 (HAMA) 作为主要结果来测量焦虑的减少。卡⽡的耐受性良好，除了卡⽡组报告的头痛更多（P = 0.05）外，组间在任何其他不良反应和肝功能检查⽅⾯没有显着性差异。标准化的卡⽡可能是治疗 GAD 的⼀种中度有效的短期选择 [viii]
本试验的⽬的是研究卡⽡特殊提取物 WS 1490 在与⾮精神病源性焦虑、紧张和烦躁状态相关的睡眠障碍患者中的有效性和安全性。在⼀项随机、双盲临床研究中，61名患者接受每⽇剂量200 mg WS 1490或安慰剂，为期4周。经过4 周的双盲治疗后，与基线相⽐，卡⽡提取物 WS 1490 的 assif 组间差异具有统计学意义（分别为 P=0.007 和P=0.018）。卡⽡提取物在汉密尔顿⼼理焦虑分值上也有较好的效果(P=0.002)。在幸福感⾃评和整体临床评价⽅⾯效果更明显，也表明卡⽡提取物治疗效果更好。安全性和耐受性良好，没有与药物相关的不良事件或临床或实验室参数的变化 [ix]

⽛买加⼭茱萸 JAMAICAN DOGWOOD (PISCIDIA PISCIPULA)

传统应⽤:

降低神经兴奋性 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
具有减轻疼痛和镇静作⽤，以帮助减轻疼痛 [iii]
有助于促进睡眠 [iv]

奶蓟草 MILK THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化作⽤，特别有助于肝功能保护肝脏防⽌损伤
⽀持肝脏修复
⽀持健康的肝细胞再⽣。肝功能低下会减少褪⿊激素的产⽣，褪⿊激素是睡眠的关键神经递质。

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项对照、双盲临床试验表明，圣玛丽蓟浓缩提取物对治疗中毒性肝损伤、慢性炎症性肝病和肝硬化有好处。圣玛丽蓟在西⽅草药中的传统适应症包括⻩疸、肝炎、胆结⽯等肝胆疾病 [i]

菩提花 LIME FLOWERS (TILIA VULGARIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
⽀持焦虑的镇静作⽤ [i]
头痛 [i]
⾼⾎压 [i]
有助于促进睡眠 [i]

药理/临床应⽤：

结果表明，圣约翰草和菩提花均能显著提⾼⼩⿏的静⽌时间，降低⼩⿏的饲养速度等参数，在10 ~ 100mg/kg剂量范围内具有明显的镇静作⽤ [ii]

⼤枣 ZIZYPHUS (ZIZYPHUS JUJUBE)

传统应⽤:

减少⼼悸·
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑更年期出汗和盗汗症状有助于促进睡眠

药理/临床应⽤：

⼤枣对治疗烦躁不安引起的失眠有⼀定的疗效 [i]
本研究旨在探讨⼤枣⽔提物对⼩⿏睡眠时间和焦虑⽔平的影响。试验组注射3剂⼤枣⽔提液(200-400-600 mg/kg)，对照组腹腔注射⽣理盐⽔。本研究表明，⼤枣⽔提物可以延⻓⼩⿏的睡眠时间并降低焦虑⽔平 [ii]

西番莲PASSIONFLOWER (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA)

传统应⽤:

烦躁、清醒、神经易激惹，尤其是由于精疲⼒竭或⻓期患病 [i]
歇斯底⾥，神经性⼼动过速 [ii]
婴⼉和⽼年⼈失眠或因精神担忧或过度劳累 [iii] [iv]
痉挛性疾病，包括破伤⻛、舞蹈病和百⽇咳、全⾝性癫痫发作、癫痫、痉挛性哮喘、呼吸抑制 [v] [vi]
神经痛（包括⾯部、直肠和⼼脏疼痛）[vii] [viii]
由⽉经紊乱、痉挛性痛经引起的神经症状 [ix]
巴西⽤于治疗失眠的传统⽤途 [x]

药理/临床应⽤：

在 2001 年的⼀项为期 14 天的临床试验中，⼈们发现西番莲在治疗⼴泛性焦虑症⽅⾯与奥沙西泮（⼀种苯⼆氮卓类药物）同样有效。作者还强调，西番莲能降低⼯作绩效受损的发⽣率。推荐剂量为 45 滴 [xi]
单剂量的西番莲提取物（7g 剂量的⼲药草）表现出镇静作⽤，与健康⼥性志愿者的警觉性⾃评量表评估的基线值相⽐ [xii]
有助于减轻焦虑，并且已被发现与抗焦虑药物⼀样有效，⽽且没有减轻焦虑带来的副作⽤。它的镇静作⽤也有助于诱导睡眠
并减轻疼痛和头痛 [xi] [xiii]
⼀些动物研究表明，西番莲单独或与洋⽢菊或卡⽡胡椒联合使⽤都具有促进睡眠的作⽤ [xiii]
⼀项双盲安慰剂试验评估了西番莲草本茶对 41 名参与者的睡眠效果。研究⼈员发现，与安慰剂相⽐，睡眠质量有显著改善 [xiv]

洋⽢菊CHAMOMILE (MATRICARIA RECUTITA)

传统应⽤：

肠胃胀⽓或神经性消化不良、晕⻋、神经性腹泻、胃肠道神经紊乱、肠胀⽓绞痛伴腹胀 [i] [ii]
烦躁、⼉童神经过敏、出⽛问题、⻛湿性和神经痛 [iii][iv]
痛经和闭经 [v][vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

尽管在医疗过程中经历了疼痛和焦虑，12名⼼导管患者中有10⼈在服⽤洋⽢菊茶后进⼊深度睡眠 [vii] 这种镇静作⽤有助于减轻焦虑、促进睡眠，并减轻肠易激综合征、胀⽓和腹胀等胃肠道症状 [viii] [ix] 2017年的⼀项⼩⿏研究发现，其抗焦虑作⽤与地西泮相当 [x]
2005年的⼀项研究使⽤睡眠⼲扰模型率调查了洋⽢菊和西番莲提取物的催眠活性。作者得出结论，洋⽢菊提取物是⼀种具有苯⼆氮卓类催眠活性的草药 [xi]
⼀项关于洋⽢菊对⽼年⼈睡眠质量的调查发现，洋⽢菊提取物具有镇静作⽤，因此作者建议将其⽤于养⽼院住院⽼年患者的
类似病例中 [xii]

奶蓟草 MILK THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化作⽤，特别有助于肝功能保护肝脏防⽌损伤
⽀持肝脏修复
⽀持健康的肝细胞再⽣。肝功能低下会减少褪⿊激素的产⽣，褪⿊激素是睡眠的关键神经递质。

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项对照、双盲临床试验表明，圣玛丽蓟浓缩提取物对治疗中毒性肝损伤、慢性炎症性肝病和肝硬化有好处。圣玛丽蓟在西⽅草药中的传统适应症包括⻩疸、肝炎、胆结⽯等肝胆疾病 [i]

菩提花 LIME FLOWERS (TILIA VULGARIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
⽀持焦虑的镇静作⽤ [i]
头痛 [i]
⾼⾎压 [i]
有助于促进睡眠 [i]

药理/临床应⽤：

结果表明，圣约翰草和菩提花均能显著提⾼⼩⿏的静⽌时间，降低⼩⿏的饲养速度等参数，在10 ~ 100mg/kg剂量范围内具有明显的镇静作⽤ [ii]

⼤枣 ZIZYPHUS (ZIZYPHUS JUJUBE)

传统应⽤:

减少⼼悸·
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑更年期出汗和盗汗症状有助于促进睡眠

药理/临床应⽤：

⼤枣对治疗烦躁不安引起的失眠有⼀定的疗效 [i]
本研究旨在探讨⼤枣⽔提物对⼩⿏睡眠时间和焦虑⽔平的影响。试验组注射3剂⼤枣⽔提液(200-400-600 mg/kg)，对照组腹腔注射⽣理盐⽔。本研究表明，⼤枣⽔提物可以延⻓⼩⿏的睡眠时间并降低焦虑⽔平 [ii]

圣约翰草 ST JOHN’S WORT (HYPERICUM PERFORATUM)

传统应⽤:

⼀种舒缓神经系统的草药[i]
抑郁症[ii]
易怒[iii] 失眠[iv]
减少焦虑[v]·
减轻情绪压⼒[vi]
有助于减轻疼痛的镇痛作⽤[vii]
更年期和经前症状[viii]

⿊升⿇ BLACK COHOSH (CIMICIFUGA RACEMOSA)

传统应⽤：

荷尔蒙平衡[i]
更年期和围绝经期症状[ii]

药理/临床应⽤：

在这项随机双盲、安慰剂对照、多中⼼研究中，89 名出现更年期症状的围绝经期或绝经后妇⼥接受了圣约翰草和⿊升⿇提取物或匹配的安慰剂治疗 12 周，结果发现其均能有效缓解更年期症状，显著优于安慰剂组 [iii]

西洋杜荆树 CHASTE TREE (VITEX AGNES-CASTUS)

传统应⽤：

常⽤于治疗经前期紧张[i]
对于不规则排卵[ii] 兴奋性[iii]
平衡雌激素和孕激素[iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项随机双盲，为期三个⽉经周期的平⾏组安慰剂对照研究。178名妇⼥接受筛查，170⼈接受评估(实验组86例;对照组 84)。平均年龄36岁，平均⽉经周期28天，平均⽉经持续时间4.5天。西洋杜荆树(提取物⼲⽚)每⽇⼀⽚或配合安慰剂，连续三个周期给药。主要疗效变量: 从基线到终点(第三周期结束)⼥性对易怒、情绪改变、愤怒、头痛、乳房胀满和其他
⽉经症状包括腹胀的⾃我评估的变化。结果显⽰，与安慰剂相⽐，西洋杜荆树补充剂具有显著的改善效果 [v]

卡⽡胡椒 KAVA (PIPER METHYSTICUM)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
肌⾁紧张和头痛 [iv]
更年期症状 [v]
消化不良 [vi]
有助于促进睡眠 [vii]

药理/临床应⽤：

共有 75 名患有 GAD（⼴泛性焦虑）且⽆合并情绪障碍的参与者参加了⼀项为期 6 周的卡⽡⽔提取物（每天 120/240 毫克卡⽡内酯，视反应⽽定）与安慰剂的双盲试验。使⽤汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表 (HAMA) 作为主要结果来测量焦虑的减少。卡⽡的耐受性良好，除了卡⽡组报告的头痛更多（P = 0.05）外，组间在任何其他不良反应和肝功能检查⽅⾯没有显着性差异。标准化的卡⽡可能是治疗 GAD 的⼀种中度有效的短期选择 [viii]
本试验的⽬的是研究卡⽡特殊提取物 WS 1490 在与⾮精神病源性焦虑、紧张和烦躁状态相关的睡眠障碍患者中的有效性和安全性。在⼀项随机、双盲临床研究中，61名患者接受每⽇剂量200 mg WS 1490或安慰剂，为期4周。经过4 周的双盲治疗后，与基线相⽐，卡⽡提取物 WS 1490 的 assif 组间差异具有统计学意义（分别为 P=0.007 和P=0.018）。卡⽡提取物在汉密尔顿⼼理焦虑分值上也有较好的效果(P=0.002)。在幸福感⾃评和整体临床评价⽅⾯效果更明显，也表明卡⽡提取物治疗效果更好。安全性和耐受性良好，没有与药物相关的不良事件或临床或实验室参数的变化 [ix]

西番莲PASSIONFLOWER (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA)

传统应⽤:

烦躁、清醒、神经易激惹，尤其是由于精疲⼒竭或⻓期患病 [i]
歇斯底⾥，神经性⼼动过速 [ii]
婴⼉和⽼年⼈失眠或因精神担忧或过度劳累 [iii] [iv]
痉挛性疾病，包括破伤⻛、舞蹈病和百⽇咳、全⾝性癫痫发作、癫痫、痉挛性哮喘、呼吸抑制 [v] [vi]
神经痛（包括⾯部、直肠和⼼脏疼痛）[vii] [viii]
由⽉经紊乱、痉挛性痛经引起的神经症状 [ix]
巴西⽤于治疗失眠的传统⽤途 [x]

药理/临床应⽤：

在 2001 年的⼀项为期 14 天的临床试验中，⼈们发现西番莲在治疗⼴泛性焦虑症⽅⾯与奥沙西泮（⼀种苯⼆氮卓类药物）同样有效。作者还强调，西番莲能降低⼯作绩效受损的发⽣率。推荐剂量为 45 滴 [xi]
单剂量的西番莲提取物（7g 剂量的⼲药草）表现出镇静作⽤，与健康⼥性志愿者的警觉性⾃评量表评估的基线值相⽐ [xii]
有助于减轻焦虑，并且已被发现与抗焦虑药物⼀样有效，⽽且没有减轻焦虑带来的副作⽤。它的镇静作⽤也有助于诱导睡眠
并减轻疼痛和头痛 [xi] [xiii]
⼀些动物研究表明，西番莲单独或与洋⽢菊或卡⽡胡椒联合使⽤都具有促进睡眠的作⽤ [xiii]
⼀项双盲安慰剂试验评估了西番莲草本茶对 41 名参与者的睡眠效果。研究⼈员发现，与安慰剂相⽐，睡眠质量有显著改善 [xiv]

卡⽡胡椒 KAVA (PIPER METHYSTICUM)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
肌⾁紧张和头痛 [iv]
更年期症状 [v]
消化不良 [vi]
有助于促进睡眠 [vii]

药理/临床应⽤：

共有 75 名患有 GAD（⼴泛性焦虑）且⽆合并情绪障碍的参与者参加了⼀项为期 6 周的卡⽡⽔提取物（每天 120/240 毫克卡⽡内酯，视反应⽽定）与安慰剂的双盲试验。使⽤汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表 (HAMA) 作为主要结果来测量焦虑的减少。卡⽡的耐受性良好，除了卡⽡组报告的头痛更多（P = 0.05）外，组间在任何其他不良反应和肝功能检查⽅⾯没有显着性差异。标准化的卡⽡可能是治疗 GAD 的⼀种中度有效的短期选择 [viii]
本试验的⽬的是研究卡⽡特殊提取物 WS 1490 在与⾮精神病源性焦虑、紧张和烦躁状态相关的睡眠障碍患者中的有效性和安全性。在⼀项随机、双盲临床研究中，61名患者接受每⽇剂量200 mg WS 1490或安慰剂，为期4周。经过4 周的双盲治疗后，与基线相⽐，卡⽡提取物 WS 1490 的 assif 组间差异具有统计学意义（分别为 P=0.007 和P=0.018）。卡⽡提取物在汉密尔顿⼼理焦虑分值上也有较好的效果(P=0.002)。在幸福感⾃评和整体临床评价⽅⾯效果更明显，也表明卡⽡提取物治疗效果更好。安全性和耐受性良好，没有与药物相关的不良事件或临床或实验室参数的变化 [ix]

⼤枣 ZIZYPHUS (ZIZYPHUS JUJUBE)

传统应⽤:

减少⼼悸·
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑更年期出汗和盗汗症状有助于促进睡眠

药理/临床应⽤：

⼤枣对治疗烦躁不安引起的失眠有⼀定的疗效 [i]
本研究旨在探讨⼤枣⽔提物对⼩⿏睡眠时间和焦虑⽔平的影响。试验组注射3剂⼤枣⽔提液(200-400-600 mg/kg)，对照组腹腔注射⽣理盐⽔。本研究表明，⼤枣⽔提物可以延⻓⼩⿏的睡眠时间并降低焦虑⽔平 [ii]

锯棕榈 SAW PALMETTO (SERENOA REPENS)

传统应⽤:

男性泌尿和前列腺问题，如良性前列腺肥⼤或膀胱炎 [i]
前列腺保护 [ii]
泌尿⽣殖系统炎症 [iii]
抗痉挛 [iv]
壮阳药 [v]
性激素紊乱 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2019年，⼀项双盲、安慰剂对照研究对来⾃19个机构的354名LUTS/BPH(下尿路症状/良性前列腺增⽣)患者进⾏了评估，评估了锯棕榈的有效性和安全性。参与者被随机分配 (1:1) 到锯棕榈提取物 (320 毫克) 或安慰剂组，为期 24 周。主要功效参数是从基线到每次评估的国际前列腺症状评分和峰值尿流的变化。次要功效参数包括贮尿症状和排尿症状评分、前列腺体积、尿频和总前列腺特异性抗原⽔平的改善。其他评估参数包括⽣活质量评分、四项男性性功能问卷评分和国际勃起功能指数评分。结果显⽰:锯棕榈提取物组与安慰剂组⽐较，峰值尿流量、国际前列腺症状评分、贮尿症状和排尿症状评分、⽣活质量评分、男性性功能问卷四项评分、勃起功能国际指数评分差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。作者得出结论，该提取物有效、安全、耐受性良好，并且在临床和统计学上优于安慰剂 [vii]

柳草 WILLOW HERB (EPILOBIUM PARVIFLORUM)

传统应⽤:

前列腺慢性疾病 [i]
前列腺肥⼤引起的尿路梗阻 [ii]

熊果叶 BEARBERRY (ARCHTOSTAPHYLOS URA-URSI)

传统应⽤:

对泌尿系统的舒缓作⽤ [i]
急性和慢性膀胱感染 [ii]
酸性尿 [iii] 排尿痛 [iv] 肾结⽯ [v]
前列腺、膀胱或肾脏的疼痛和炎症 [vi]

刺蒺藜 TRIBULUS (TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS)

传统应⽤:

男性⽣育和阳痿的壮阳药 [i]
排尿痛 [ii]
肾结⽯ [iii]
痛⻛和尿酸 [iv]

松果菊（狭叶松果菊，紫松果菊） ECHINACEA (ECHINACEA ANGUSTIFOLIA & ECHINACEA PURPUREA)

传统应⽤:

免疫调节免疫增强
抗炎抗菌
抗病毒
淋巴细胞调节

药理/临床应⽤：

松果菊是最著名的免疫系统草药，因为它能够降低病毒和细菌感染的严重程度 [i]
松果菊的活性成分⽀持先天性和适应性免疫的最佳功能 [i]
松果菊已被证明可以激活巨噬细胞、⾃然杀伤细胞和⽩细胞，从⽽⽀持它们更快地响应和破坏病原体的能⼒ [ii]
更相关的可能是松果菊保护病毒诱导的细菌粘连的⽅式，例如当病毒引起细菌性肺炎时，它能够缓和被称为细胞因⼦
⻛暴的炎症反应 [iii]

薰⾐草 LAVENDER (LAVENDULA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
头痛 [iv]
消化不良 [v]
有助于促进睡眠 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2011年的⼀项对⼩⿏的研究发现，与地西泮相⽐，薰⾐草具有类似的镇静和催眠作⽤ [vii]

接⻣⽊ ELDERBERRY (SAMBUCUS NIGRA)

传统应⽤:

抗病毒抗氧化剂
发汗剂
提⾼免疫⼒抗炎

药理/临床应⽤：

接⻣⽊含有丰富的抗氧化剂，这是维持强⼤免疫系统的关键。接⻣⽊有显著的抗病毒作⽤；在 2004 年的⼀项研究中，60 名有流感症状的⼈每天四次服⽤ 15 毫升接⻣⽊糖浆，持续 5 天。与服⽤安慰剂的⼈相⽐，他们的症状平均提前 4 天得到缓解 [i]

醉茄 ASHWAGANDHA (WITHANIA SOMNIFERA)

传统应⽤:

神经系统补品 [i]
镇静剂 [ii]
适应原 [iii]
免疫调节剂 [iv]
抗炎 [v]

药理/临床应⽤：

研究表明它具有抗炎、抗压⼒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、平衡免疫系统，是⼀种普遍的补品 [vi]

洋⽢菊CHAMOMILE (MATRICARIA RECUTITA)

传统应⽤：

肠胃胀⽓或神经性消化不良、晕⻋、神经性腹泻、胃肠道神经紊乱、肠胀⽓绞痛伴腹胀 [i] [ii]
烦躁、⼉童神经过敏、出⽛问题、⻛湿性和神经痛 [iii][iv]
痛经和闭经 [v][vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

尽管在医疗过程中经历了疼痛和焦虑，12名⼼导管患者中有10⼈在服⽤洋⽢菊茶后进⼊深度睡眠 [vii] 这种镇静作⽤有助于减轻焦虑、促进睡眠，并减轻肠易激综合征、胀⽓和腹胀等胃肠道症状 [viii] [ix] 2017年的⼀项⼩⿏研究发现，其抗焦虑作⽤与地西泮相当 [x]
2005年的⼀项研究使⽤睡眠⼲扰模型率调查了洋⽢菊和西番莲提取物的催眠活性。作者得出结论，洋⽢菊提取物是⼀种具有苯⼆氮卓类催眠活性的草药 [xi]
⼀项关于洋⽢菊对⽼年⼈睡眠质量的调查发现，洋⽢菊提取物具有镇静作⽤，因此作者建议将其⽤于养⽼院住院⽼年患者的
类似病例中 [xii]

柠檬⾹蜂草LEMON BALM (MELISSA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

胀⽓性消化不良 [i] 抑郁、神经衰弱 [ii] 痛经 [iii]
普通感冒和流感 [iv]

药理/临床应⽤：

2006 年的⼀项研究调查了 918 名 12 岁或以下患有躁动和神经性睡眠障碍的⼉童服⽤缬草和柠檬⾹蜂草联合制剂对的疗效和耐受性。发现 80.9% 的患者睡眠障碍有改善，70.4% 的患者躁动症状有明显改善 [v]
2016 年的⼀项研究强调了柠檬⾹蜂草在减轻烧伤患者的焦虑、抑郁和改善睡眠质量⽅⾯的重要⽤途 [vi]
由于柠檬⾹蜂草提取物与中枢神经系统、胆碱能和GABA 能系统的直接相互作⽤，具有有效的抗焦虑活性，可减少应激和⽣理紊乱 [vii]
2004 年的⼀项关于柠檬⾹蜂草对⼈类实验室诱发压⼒的研究结果显⽰，其改善了 DISS（定义强度压⼒刺激）的负
⾯情绪影响，显着提⾼了对平静的⾃我评价，降低了对警觉的⾃我评价 [viii]
帮助减少焦虑和压⼒相关的睡眠问题。舒缓消化，有助于提升情绪 [ix]

五味⼦ SCHISANDRA (SCHISANDRA CHINENSIS)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化剂
适应原镇静作⽤
⽌咳
保肝
抗炎

药理/临床应⽤：

由于其⾼浓度的抗氧化作⽤，五味⼦有助于对抗炎症并积极帮助免疫系统 [i]
五味⼦的化学保护能⼒已被临床研究 [i]
研究还表明它能够控制⽩细胞（⽩细胞），从⽽促进炎症并提⾼修复组织的能⼒ [i]

酸樱桃 TART CHERRY

褪⿊激素的天然来源 [i]
尽管褪⿊激素⽔平很低，但已被证明会增加体内褪⿊激素⽔平 [i]
临床研究表明睡眠持续时间有所改善并减少了睡眠潜伏期 [i] 有效的抗氧化剂-减少可能由睡眠问题引起的炎症化学物质 [ii] 降低 C 反应蛋⽩[ii]，抗炎作⽤可能是阿司匹林的 10 倍 [iii]
临床研究表明，跑步者运动引起的肌⾁疼痛减少，健康⼈群炎症和氧化标志物减少 [ii]

柠檬酸镁 MAGNESIUM CITRATE

有证据表明，与氧化镁相⽐，在急性（3 天）和慢性（60 天）补充 300 毫克柠檬酸镁后，吸收效果更好，⾎浆镁浓度显着增加 [i]
许多研究表明，与氧化镁相⽐，单剂量柠檬酸镁的⽣物利⽤度更⾼ [i]
柠檬酸镁是⽣物利⽤度最⾼的镁形式 [i]
被消化系统很好地吸收 [ii]

磷酸镁 MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE

磷酸镁对神经系统具有特异性。
适⽤于能量产⽣、正常神经功能、正常肌⾁功能、抽筋、痉挛、抽搐 [i]
2017年1例孕妇使⽤低剂量磷酸镁成功治疗偏头痛 [ii]

锌 ZINC

健康神经系统功能的必需矿物质
与锌铜⽐例较低的⼈相⽐，锌铜⽐例较⾼的⼈睡眠时间明显更⻓ [i]
⼀项在护理机构进⾏的研究发现，给失眠症患者服⽤镁、锌和褪⿊素不仅改善了他们的睡眠，⽽且改善了他们的⽣活
质量 [ii]

维⽣素C VITAMIN C

体内关键的⽔溶性抗氧化剂 [i]
⾼剂量的维⽣素 C（3 g）有助于降低⽪质醇⽔平并⽀持肾上腺功能，从⽽减少压⼒对⾝体的负⾯影响 [ii]
是从⾊氨酸合成⾎清素的辅助因⼦
有助于减少对⼤脑有唤醒作⽤并影响睡眠的组胺 [iii]
保护免疫系统免受压⼒的破坏性影响 [iv]

泛酸(维⽣素B5) PANTOTHENIC ACID (VITAMIN B5)

B5在脂肪和碳⽔化合物转化为能量的过程中起着重要作⽤，对红细胞的⽣成也⾄关重要 [i]
为肾上腺提供燃料 - 有益于慢性压⼒和焦虑，减少疲劳

吡哆醇(维⽣素B6) PYRIDOXINE (VITAMIN B6)

是合成关键脑化学物质（如 GABA 和⾎清素）的重要辅助因⼦。
在紧张时期，吡哆醇和这些神经递质的缺乏与压⼒增加和应对机制减少有关 [i] GABA 和⾎清素是参与睡眠-觉醒周期的两种重要的神经递质 [ii]

西番莲PASSIONFLOWER (PASSIFLORA INCARNATA)

传统应⽤:

烦躁、清醒、神经易激惹，尤其是由于精疲⼒竭或⻓期患病 [i]
歇斯底⾥，神经性⼼动过速 [ii]
婴⼉和⽼年⼈失眠或因精神担忧或过度劳累 [iii] [iv]
痉挛性疾病，包括破伤⻛、舞蹈病和百⽇咳、全⾝性癫痫发作、癫痫、痉挛性哮喘、呼吸抑制 [v] [vi]
神经痛（包括⾯部、直肠和⼼脏疼痛）[vii] [viii]
由⽉经紊乱、痉挛性痛经引起的神经症状 [ix]
巴西⽤于治疗失眠的传统⽤途 [x]

药理/临床应⽤：

在 2001 年的⼀项为期 14 天的临床试验中，⼈们发现西番莲在治疗⼴泛性焦虑症⽅⾯与奥沙西泮（⼀种苯⼆氮卓类药物）同样有效。作者还强调，西番莲能降低⼯作绩效受损的发⽣率。推荐剂量为 45 滴 [xi]
单剂量的西番莲提取物（7g 剂量的⼲药草）表现出镇静作⽤，与健康⼥性志愿者的警觉性⾃评量表评估的基线值相⽐ [xii]
有助于减轻焦虑，并且已被发现与抗焦虑药物⼀样有效，⽽且没有减轻焦虑带来的副作⽤。它的镇静作⽤也有助于诱导睡眠
并减轻疼痛和头痛 [xi] [xiii]
⼀些动物研究表明，西番莲单独或与洋⽢菊或卡⽡胡椒联合使⽤都具有促进睡眠的作⽤ [xiii]
⼀项双盲安慰剂试验评估了西番莲草本茶对 41 名参与者的睡眠效果。研究⼈员发现，与安慰剂相⽐，睡眠质量有显著改善 [xiv]

洋⽢菊CHAMOMILE (MATRICARIA RECUTITA)

传统应⽤：

肠胃胀⽓或神经性消化不良、晕⻋、神经性腹泻、胃肠道神经紊乱、肠胀⽓绞痛伴腹胀 [i] [ii]
烦躁、⼉童神经过敏、出⽛问题、⻛湿性和神经痛 [iii][iv]
痛经和闭经 [v][vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

尽管在医疗过程中经历了疼痛和焦虑，12名⼼导管患者中有10⼈在服⽤洋⽢菊茶后进⼊深度睡眠 [vii] 这种镇静作⽤有助于减轻焦虑、促进睡眠，并减轻肠易激综合征、胀⽓和腹胀等胃肠道症状 [viii] [ix] 2017年的⼀项⼩⿏研究发现，其抗焦虑作⽤与地西泮相当 [x]
2005年的⼀项研究使⽤睡眠⼲扰模型率调查了洋⽢菊和西番莲提取物的催眠活性。作者得出结论，洋⽢菊提取物是⼀种具有苯⼆氮卓类催眠活性的草药 [xi]
⼀项关于洋⽢菊对⽼年⼈睡眠质量的调查发现，洋⽢菊提取物具有镇静作⽤，因此作者建议将其⽤于养⽼院住院⽼年患者的
类似病例中 [xii]

辣椒末 CAYENNE (CAPSICUM ANNUUM)

传统应⽤：

加速循环和代谢 [i]
改善脾胃虚弱 [ii]

美⻩芩 SKULLCAP (SCUTELLARIA LATERIFLORA)

传统应⽤:

对神经系统和神经兴奋性有镇静作⽤ [i]
由⾝体或精神过度劳累引起的烦躁、清醒和紊乱 [ii]
焦虑 [iii]
⾝体或精神上的疲倦 [iv]
头痛和抑郁 [v]
癫痫、神经痛、震颤 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

⻩芩类⻩酮与GABA受体的苯⼆氮平位点结合，提⽰美⻩芩具有抗焦虑作⽤ [vii]
2003年的⼀项研究表明，⻩芩地上部分和⼀些⻩酮类化合物对5-羟⾊胺(5-HT7)有很⾼的亲和⼒。众所周知，5-HT7
拮抗剂和反向激动剂有益于治疗睡眠障碍、焦虑、恐慌、应激相关障碍、恐惧症、经前紊乱 [viii]
⼀项对英国和爱尔兰草药从业者的调查表明，美⻩芩被认为是对失眠、焦虑和压⼒的有效⼲预 [ix]

⼤枣 ZIZYPHUS (ZIZYPHUS JUJUBE)

传统应⽤:

减少⼼悸·
有助于减轻压⼒和焦虑更年期出汗和盗汗症状有助于促进睡眠

药理/临床应⽤：

⼤枣对治疗烦躁不安引起的失眠有⼀定的疗效 [i]
本研究旨在探讨⼤枣⽔提物对⼩⿏睡眠时间和焦虑⽔平的影响。试验组注射3剂⼤枣⽔提液(200-400-600 mg/kg)，对照组腹腔注射⽣理盐⽔。本研究表明，⼤枣⽔提物可以延⻓⼩⿏的睡眠时间并降低焦虑⽔平 [ii]

奶蓟草 MILK THISTLE (SILYBUM MARIANUM)

传统应⽤:

抗氧化作⽤，特别有助于肝功能保护肝脏防⽌损伤
⽀持肝脏修复
⽀持健康的肝细胞再⽣。肝功能低下会减少褪⿊激素的产⽣，褪⿊激素是睡眠的关键神经递质。

药理/临床应⽤：

⼀项对照、双盲临床试验表明，圣玛丽蓟浓缩提取物对治疗中毒性肝损伤、慢性炎症性肝病和肝硬化有好处。圣玛丽蓟在西⽅草药中的传统适应症包括⻩疸、肝炎、胆结⽯等肝胆疾病 [i]

菩提花 LIME FLOWERS (TILIA VULGARIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
⽀持焦虑的镇静作⽤ [i]
头痛 [i]
⾼⾎压 [i]
有助于促进睡眠 [i]

药理/临床应⽤：

结果表明，圣约翰草和菩提花均能显著提⾼⼩⿏的静⽌时间，降低⼩⿏的饲养速度等参数，在10 ~ 100mg/kg剂量范围内具有明显的镇静作⽤ [ii]

薰⾐草 LAVENDER (LAVENDULA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

减少烦躁 [i]
有助于减少焦虑 [ii]
抑郁 [iii]
头痛 [iv]
消化不良 [v]
有助于促进睡眠 [vi]

药理/临床应⽤：

2011年的⼀项对⼩⿏的研究发现，与地西泮相⽐，薰⾐草具有类似的镇静和催眠作⽤ [vii]

⽢草 LICORICE (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA)

传统应⽤:

是⼀种肾上腺滋补剂，可在压⼒时滋养肾上腺 [i]
对胃肠道和呼吸道也有舒缓作⽤ [ii]

达⽶阿那 DAMIANA (TURNERA DIFFUSA)

传统应⽤:

⽤于帮助减轻焦虑、紧张和抑郁 [i]
神经性消化不良和便秘 [ii]

⻰胆草 GENTIAN (GENTIANA LUTEA)

传统应⽤:

能刺激消化迟缓和促进⻝物中营养物质的吸收 [i]
苦味补品 - ⽀持消化系统虚弱和胃酸过少 [ii]

⽣姜 GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE)

传统应⽤:

功效包括；发汗解表、抗焦虑、助消化、抗炎、抗微⽣物、抗氧化和保肝 [i]
恶⼼、孕吐、晕⻋ [ii]
脾胃虚弱、消化不良、肠绞痛、腹胀、胀⽓绞痛 [iii]

⾼丽参 KOREAN GINSENG (PANAX GINSENG)

传统应⽤:

适应原作⽤，通过⽀持肾上腺和增加体内的能量和活⼒来帮助⾝体应对压⼒ [i]
由于其免疫刺激作⽤，在机体处于恢复期或当⾝⼼状态需要提⾼时有效调节 [ii]

红景天 RHODIOLA (RHODIOLA ROSEA)

传统应⽤:

帮助⾝体应对压⼒的适应原作⽤ [i]
提⾼⾝⼼表现 [ii]
改善情绪 [iii]
刺激免疫系统并保护细胞免受损伤 [iv]

迷迭⾹ ROSEMARY (ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

可以提⾼精神警觉性和记忆⼒ [i]
改善⾎液循环，减少抑郁和虚弱 [ii]

⻢鞭草 VERVAIN (VERBENA OFFICINALIS)

传统应⽤:

⽀持神经系统，在神经衰弱、抑郁和发烧后虚弱时使⽤ [i]
它也是⼀种消化系统补品 [ii]

醉茄 ASHWAGANDHA (WITHANIA SOMNIFERA)

传统应⽤:

神经系统补品 [i]
镇静剂 [ii]
适应原 [iii]
免疫调节剂 [iv]
抗炎 [v]

药理/临床应⽤：

研究表明它具有抗炎、抗压⼒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、平衡免疫系统，是⼀种普遍的补品 [vi]

参考⽂献

西番莲 Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)

Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
Bernardes 1983. A pocket book of Brazilian herbs: forklore, historr, uses. Shogun Arte, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Akhondzadeh S, et 2001. Jour clin pharm ther. 26(5):363-367
Schulz H, Jobert M, Hubner 1998. Phytomed. 5(6):449-458
Capasso A, Sorrentino 2005. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomed. 12: 39 - 45.
Ngan A and Conduit 2001. A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) herbal tea on subjective sleep quality.Phytother. Res. 25: 1153 - 9.

洋⽢菊 Chamomile (Matricaria recutita):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Mills S, Bone 2005. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia.
Kiran G et 2017. A study of anxiolytic activity of matricaria chamomile flowers of aqueous extraction in mice. Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and clinical research. 5 (1) 25-32
Shinomiya K, et 2005. Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 25(5) 808- 810
Abdullahzadeh M, et 2017. Investigation effect of oral chamomilla on sleep quality in elderly people in Isfahan: A randomized control trial. Journal of education and health promotion. Vol 6: DOI <10.4103/jehp.jehp_109_15>

合欢 Albizia lebbeck (siris Tree):

Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.

延胡索 Corydalis (Corydalis ambigua):

Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia.2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Tian B, Tian M, Huang 2020. Advances in phytochemical and modern pharmacological research of Rhisoma Corydalis. Pharmaceutical Biology.

加州花菱草 Californian poppy (Eschscholzia californica):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Fedurco, , Gregorová, J., Šebrlová, K., Kantorová, J., Peš, O., Baur, R., Sigel, E., & Táborská, E. (2015). Modulatory Effects of Eschscholzia californica Alkaloids on Recombinant GABAA Receptors. Biochemistry research international, 2015, 617620. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/617620

啤酒花 Humulus lupulus (Hops):

Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Butterweck, Veronika & Brattström, Axel & Grundmann, Oliver & Koetter, Uwe. (2007). Hypothermic effects of hops are antagonized with the competitive melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 59. 549-52. 1211/jpp.59.4.0009.
Schmitz, M. and M. Jackel. 1998. Vergleichsstudie zur Untersuchung der Lebensqualitat von Patienten mit exogenen Schlafstorungen (vor bergehenden Ein-und Durchschlafstorungen) unter Therapie miteinem Hopfen-Baldrian-Prparat undeinem Benzodiazepin-Prparat [Comparative study for assessing quality of life of patients with exogenous sleep disorders (temporary sleep onset and sleep interruption disorders) treated with a hops-valerian preparation and a benzodiazepine drug]. Wien Med Wochenschr 148(13):291298.
Franco L et 2012. The sedative effect of non-alcoholic beer in female nurses. PLoS One. 7(7):e37290
Kyrou I et al. 2017. Effects of a hops (Humulus lupulus L.) dry extract supplement on self-reported depression, anxiety and stress levels in apparently healthy young adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot Hormones (Athens). 16(2):171-180

⻩芩 Baical Skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

薰⾐草 Lavender (Lavendula officinalis):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Alanamer, , Alaoui, K., Bouidida, E H., Benjouad, A., Cherrah Y. Hindawi 2012. Sedative and Hypnotic Activities of the Methanolic and Aqueous Exracts of Lavandula officianalis from Morrocco. Publishing Corporation Advances in Pharmacological Sciences Volume 2012, Article ID 270824, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/270824

卡⽡胡椒 Kava (Piper methysticum):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide toHerbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Sarris J, et al. 2013. Kava in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology. 33(5): 643-648
Lehrl S. 2004. Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a assiflora, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Journal of Affective Disorders. 78(2): 101-110

⽛买加⼭茱萸 Jamaican dogwood (Piscidia piscipula):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

欧洲荚蒾 Crampbark (Viburnum opulus):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

⼤枣 Zizyphus(Zizyphus jujuba):

2007. WHO Monographs on Slected Medicinal Plants – Volume 3: Fructus Zizyphi.<https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/m/abstract/Js14213e/>
Abbasnia, V 2016. Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Zizyphus jujube mill aqueous extract in mice. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 8(6):8-11

参考⽂献

西番莲 Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)

Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
Bernardes 1983. A pocket book of Brazilian herbs: forklore, historr, uses. Shogun Arte, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Akhondzadeh S, et 2001. Jour clin pharm ther. 26(5):363-367
Schulz H, Jobert M, Hubner 1998. Phytomed. 5(6):449-458
Capasso A, Sorrentino 2005. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomed. 12: 39 - 45.
Ngan A and Conduit 2001. A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) herbal tea on subjective sleep quality.Phytother. Res. 25: 1153 - 9.

洋⽢菊 Chamomile (Matricaria recutita):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Mills S, Bone 2005. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Braun L, Cohen M, 2010.Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW,
Kiran G et 2017. A study of anxiolytic activity of matricaria chamomile flowers of aqueous extraction in mice. Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and clinical research. 5 (1) 25-32
Shinomiya K, et 2005. Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 25(5) 808-810
Abdullahzadeh M, et 2017. Investigation effect of oral chamomilla on sleep quality in elderly people in Isfahan: A randomized control trial. Journal of education and health promotion. Vol 6: DOI <10.4103/jehp.jehp_109_15>

柠檬⾹蜂草 Lemon balm (Melissa Officinalis):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Grieve 1971. A modern herbal. Dover publications. New York
Muller SF, Klement 2006. A combination of valerian and lemon balm is effective in the treatment of restlessness and dyssomnia in children. Phytomedicine. 13: 383-387
Chehroudi S, et 2016. Effects of Melissa officinalis L. on Reducing Stress, Alleviating Anxiety Disorders, Depression, and Insomnia, and Increasing Total Antioxidants in Burn Patients. Trauma Mon. 22(4):e33630
Fermino BL, et 2015. Anxiolytic properties of Melissa Officinalis and associated mechanisms of action: A review of the literature. African journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 9(3):53-59
Kennedy DO, et 2004. Attenuation of laboratory-induced stress in human after acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Psychosomatic medicine. 66:607-613
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.

延胡索 Corydalis (Corydalis ambigua):

Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia.2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Tian B, Tian M, Huang 2020. Advances in phytochemical and modern pharmacological research of Rhisoma Corydalis. Pharmaceutical Biology.

加州花菱草 Californian poppy (Eschscholzia californica):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Fedurco, M., Gregorová, J., Šebrlová, K., Kantorová, J., Peš, O., Baur, R., Sigel, E., & Táborská, E. (2015). Modulatory Effects of Eschscholzia californica Alkaloids on Recombinant GABAA Biochemistry research international, 2015, 617620. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/617620

啤酒花 Humulus lupulus (Hops):

Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Butterweck, Veronika & Brattström, Axel & Grundmann, Oliver & Koetter, (2007). Hypothermic effects of hops are antagonized with the competitive melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 59. 549-52. 10.1211/jpp.59.4.0009.
Schmitz, M. and M. Jackel. 1998. Vergleichsstudie zur Untersuchung der Lebensqualitat von Patienten mit exogenen Schlafstorungen (vor bergehenden Ein-und Durchschlafstorungen) unter Therapie miteinem Hopfen-Baldrian-Prparat undeinem Benzodiazepin-Prparat [Comparative study for assessing quality of life of patients with exogenous sleep disorders (temporary sleep onset and sleep interruption disorders) treated with a hops-valerian preparation and a benzodiazepine drug]. Wien Med Wochenschr 148(13):291298.
Franco L et 2012. The sedative effect of non-alcoholic beer in female nurses. PLoS One. 7(7):e37290
Kyrou I et 2017. Effects of a hops (Humulus lupulus L.) dry extract supplement on self-reported depression, anxiety and stress levels in apparently healthy young adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot study. Hormones (Athens). 16(2):171-180

美⻩芩 Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Bartram 1995. Encyclopaedia of herbal medicine. New York, Dover Publications
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Awad, , Arnason, J.T., Trudeau, V.L., Bergeron, C., Budzinski, J.W., Foster, B.C., & Merali, Z. (2003). Phytochemical and biological analysis of skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.): a medicinal plant with anxiolytic properties. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology, 10 8, 640-9 .
Gafner, , Bergeron, C., Batcha, L.L., Reich, J., Arnason, J.T., Burdette, J.E., Pezzuto, J.M. and Angerhofer, C.K. 2003. Inhibition of [3H]-LSD binding to 5-HT7 receptors by flavonoids from Scutellaria lateriflora. Journal of Natural Products, 66, (4) 535-537.
Brock C, Whitehouse J, Tewfik I, Towell 2010. American skullcap (scutellaria lateriflora): an ancient remedy for today’s anxiety? British Journal of Wellbeing. 1(4)25-30

薰⾐草 Lavender (Lavendula officinalis):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Alanamer, , Alaoui, K., Bouidida, E H., Benjouad, A., Cherrah Y. Hindawi 2012. Sedative and Hypnotic Activities of the Methanolic and Aqueous Exracts of Lavandula officianalis from Morrocco. Publishing Corporation Advances in Pharmacological Sciences Volume 2012, Article ID 270824, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/270824

卡⽡胡椒 Kava (Piper methysticum):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide toHerbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Sarris J, et al. 2013. Kava in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology. 33(5): 643-648
Lehrl S. 2004. Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a assiflora, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Journal of Affective Disorders. 78(2): 101-110

⽛买加⼭茱萸 Jamaican dogwood (Piscidia piscipula):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

奶蓟草 Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum):

Mills, S & Bone, K. 2005.The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elseiver, USA

菩提花 Lime flowers (Tilia vulgaris):

Coleta, Miguel & Campos, Maria & Cotrim, Maria & Cunha, A. 2001. Comparative Evaluation of Melissa officinalis L., Tilia europaea L., Passiflora edulis Sims. And Hypericum perforatum L. in the Elevated Plus Maze Anxiety Test. Pharmacopsychiatry. 34 Suppl 1.

⼤枣 Zizyphus(Zizyphus jujuba):

2007. WHO Monographs on Slected Medicinal Plants – Volume 3: Fructus Zizyphi.<https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/m/abstract/Js14213e/>
Abbasnia, V 2016. Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Zizyphus jujube mill aqueous extract in mice. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 8(6):8-11

参考⽂献

西番莲 Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)

Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
Bernardes 1983. A pocket book of Brazilian herbs: forklore, historr, uses. Shogun Arte, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Akhondzadeh S, et 2001. Jour clin pharm ther. 26(5):363-367
Schulz H, Jobert M, Hubner 1998. Phytomed. 5(6):449-458
Capasso A, Sorrentino 2005. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomed. 12: 39 - 45.
Ngan A and Conduit 2001. A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) herbal tea on subjective sleep quality.Phytother. Res. 25: 1153 - 9.

洋⽢菊 Chamomile (Matricaria recutita):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Mills S, Bone 2005. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Braun L, Cohen M, 2010.Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW,
Kiran G et 2017. A study of anxiolytic activity of matricaria chamomile flowers of aqueous extraction in mice. Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and clinical research. 5 (1) 25-32
Shinomiya K, et 2005. Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 25(5) 808-810
Abdullahzadeh M, et 2017. Investigation effect of oral chamomilla on sleep quality in elderly people in Isfahan: A randomized control trial. Journal of education and health promotion. Vol 6: DOI <10.4103/jehp.jehp_109_15>

柠檬⾹蜂草 Lemon balm (Melissa Officinalis):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Grieve 1971. A modern herbal. Dover publications. New York
Muller SF, Klement 2006. A combination of valerian and lemon balm is effective in the treatment of restlessness and dyssomnia in children. Phytomedicine. 13: 383-387
Chehroudi S, et 2016. Effects of Melissa officinalis L. on Reducing Stress, Alleviating Anxiety Disorders, Depression, and Insomnia, and Increasing Total Antioxidants in Burn Patients. Trauma Mon. 22(4):e33630
Fermino BL, et 2015. Anxiolytic properties of Melissa Officinalis and associated mechanisms of action: A review of the literature. African journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 9(3):53-59
Kennedy DO, et 2004. Attenuation of laboratory-induced stress in human after acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Psychosomatic medicine. 66:607-613
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.

延胡索 Corydalis (Corydalis ambigua):

Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia.2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium.Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Tian B, Tian M, Huang 2020. Advances in phytochemical and modern pharmacological research of Rhisoma Corydalis. Pharmaceutical Biology.

加州花菱草 Californian poppy (Eschscholzia californica):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Fedurco, M., Gregorová, J., Šebrlová, K., Kantorová, J., Peš, O., Baur, R., Sigel, E., & Táborská, E. (2015). Modulatory Effects of Eschscholzia californica Alkaloids on Recombinant GABAA Biochemistry research international, 2015, 617620. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/617620

啤酒花 Humulus lupulus (Hops):

Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Butterweck, Veronika & Brattström, Axel & Grundmann, Oliver & Koetter, (2007). Hypothermic effects of hops are antagonized with the competitive melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 59. 549-52. 10.1211/jpp.59.4.0009.
Schmitz, M. and M. Jackel. 1998. Vergleichsstudie zur Untersuchung der Lebensqualitat von Patienten mit exogenen Schlafstorungen (vor bergehenden Ein-und Durchschlafstorungen) unter Therapie miteinem Hopfen-Baldrian-Prparat undeinem Benzodiazepin-Prparat [Comparative study for assessing quality of life of patients with exogenous sleep disorders (temporary sleep onset and sleep interruption disorders) treated with a hops-valerian preparation and a benzodiazepine drug]. Wien Med Wochenschr 148(13):291298.
Franco L et 2012. The sedative effect of non-alcoholic beer in female nurses. PLoS One. 7(7):e37290
Kyrou I et 2017. Effects of a hops (Humulus lupulus L.) dry extract supplement on self-reported depression, anxiety and stress levels in apparently healthy young adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover pilot study. Hormones (Athens). 16(2):171-180

美⻩芩 Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Bartram 1995. Encyclopaedia of herbal medicine. New York, Dover Publications
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Awad, , Arnason, J.T., Trudeau, V.L., Bergeron, C., Budzinski, J.W., Foster, B.C., & Merali, Z. (2003). Phytochemical and biological analysis of skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.): a medicinal plant with anxiolytic properties. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology, 10 8, 640-9 .
Gafner, , Bergeron, C., Batcha, L.L., Reich, J., Arnason, J.T., Burdette, J.E., Pezzuto, J.M. and Angerhofer, C.K. 2003. Inhibition of [3H]-LSD binding to 5-HT7 receptors by flavonoids from Scutellaria lateriflora. Journal of Natural Products, 66, (4) 535-537.
Brock C, Whitehouse J, Tewfik I, Towell 2010. American skullcap (scutellaria lateriflora): an ancient remedy for today’s anxiety? British Journal of Wellbeing. 1(4)25-30

薰⾐草 Lavender (Lavendula officinalis):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Alanamer, , Alaoui, K., Bouidida, E H., Benjouad, A., Cherrah Y. Hindawi 2012. Sedative and Hypnotic Activities of the Methanolic and Aqueous Exracts of Lavandula officianalis from Morrocco. Publishing Corporation Advances in Pharmacological Sciences Volume 2012, Article ID 270824, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/270824

卡⽡胡椒 Kava (Piper methysticum):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide toHerbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Sarris J, et al. 2013. Kava in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology. 33(5): 643-648
Lehrl S. 2004. Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a assiflora, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Journal of Affective Disorders. 78(2): 101-110

⽛买加⼭茱萸 Jamaican dogwood (Piscidia piscipula):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

奶蓟草 Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum):

Mills, S & Bone, K. 2005.The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elseiver, USA

菩提花 Lime flowers (Tilia vulgaris):

TRC Natural Medicines - Professional Monograph Lime Flower (Linden)
Coleta, Miguel & Campos, Maria & Cotrim, Maria & Cunha, 2001. Comparative Evaluation of Melissa officinalis L., Tilia europaea L., Passiflora edulis Sims. And Hypericum perforatum L. in the Elevated Plus Maze Anxiety Test. Pharmacopsychiatry. 34 Suppl 1.

⼤枣 Zizyphus(Zizyphus jujuba):

2007. WHO Monographs on Slected Medicinal Plants – Volume 3: Fructus Zizyphi.<https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/m/abstract/Js14213e/>
Abbasnia, V 2016. Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Zizyphus jujube mill aqueous extract in mice. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 8(6):8-11

参考⽂献

西番莲 Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)

Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
Bernardes 1983. A pocket book of Brazilian herbs: forklore, historr, uses. Shogun Arte, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Akhondzadeh S, et 2001. Jour clin pharm ther. 26(5):363-367
Schulz H, Jobert M, Hubner 1998. Phytomed. 5(6):449-458
Capasso A, Sorrentino 2005. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomed. 12: 39 - 45.
Ngan A and Conduit 2001. A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) herbal tea on subjective sleep quality.Phytother. Res. 25: 1153 - 9.

洋⽢菊 Chamomile (Matricaria recutita):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Mills S, Bone 2005. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia.
Kiran G et 2017. A study of anxiolytic activity of matricaria chamomile flowers of aqueous extraction in mice. Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and clinical research. 5 (1) 25-32
Shinomiya K, et 2005. Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 25(5) 808- 810
Abdullahzadeh M, et 2017. Investigation effect of oral chamomilla on sleep quality in elderly people in Isfahan: A randomized control trial. Journal of education and health promotion. Vol 6: DOI <10.4103/jehp.jehp_109_15>

圣约翰草 St John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum):

Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.
Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Australia. 2007.

⼤枣 Zizyphus(Zizyphus jujuba):

2007. WHO Monographs on Slected Medicinal Plants – Volume 3: Fructus Zizyphi.<https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/m/abstract/Js14213e/>
Abbasnia, V 2016. Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Zizyphus jujube mill aqueous extract in mice. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 8(6):8-11

⿊升⿇ Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Chung DJ, Kim HY, Park KH, et Black cohosh and St. John's wort (GYNO-Plus) for climacteric symptoms. Yonsei Med J. 2007;48(2):289-294. doi:10.3349/ymj.2007.48.2.289

西洋杜荆树 Chaste Tree (Vitex agnes-castus):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Schellenberg Treatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: prospective, randomised, placebo- controlled study BMJ 2001; 322 :134

卡⽡胡椒 Kava (Piper methysticum):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide toHerbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Sarris J, et al. 2013. Kava in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology. 33(5): 643-648
Lehrl S. 2004. Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a assiflora, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Journal of Affective Disorders. 78(2): 101-110

⽛买加⼭茱萸 Jamaican dogwood (Piscidia piscipula):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

奶蓟草 Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum):

Mills, S & Bone, K. 2005.The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elseiver, USA

菩提花Lime flowers (Tilia vulgaris):

Coleta, Miguel & Campos, Maria & Cotrim, Maria & Cunha, A. 2001. Comparative Evaluation of Melissa officinalis L., Tilia europaea L., Passiflora edulis Sims. And Hypericum perforatum L. in the Elevated Plus Maze Anxiety Test. Pharmacopsychiatry. 34 Suppl 1.

参考⽂献

西番莲 Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)

Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
Bernardes 1983. A pocket book of Brazilian herbs: forklore, historr, uses. Shogun Arte, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Akhondzadeh S, et 2001. Jour clin pharm ther. 26(5):363-367
Schulz H, Jobert M, Hubner 1998. Phytomed. 5(6):449-458
Capasso A, Sorrentino 2005. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomed. 12: 39 - 45.
Ngan A and Conduit 2001. A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) herbal tea on subjective sleep quality.Phytother. Res. 25: 1153 - 9.

⼤枣 Zizyphus(Zizyphus jujuba):

2007. WHO Monographs on Slected Medicinal Plants – Volume 3: Fructus Zizyphi.<https://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/m/abstract/Js14213e/>
Abbasnia, V 2016. Anxiolytic and hypnotic effect of Zizyphus jujube mill aqueous extract in mice. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 8(6):8-11

卡⽡胡椒 Kava (Piper methysticum):

Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide toHerbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
[iii]- [vi] Bone A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier ChurchillLivingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2003.
[vii] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
[vii] Sarris J, et al. 2013. Kava in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled study. Journal Clinical Psychopharmacology. 33(5): 643-648
[ix] Lehrl S. 2004. Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a assiflora, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Journal of Affective Disorders. 78(2): 101-110

锯棕榈 Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens):

Mills S, Bone The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia;
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia;
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia;
Bekker B, Humphreys Materia Medica and Repertory for Homeobotanical Therapy. The Herbal Energy Centre. 2014. Auckland New Zealand
Bekker B, Humphreys Materia Medica and Repertory for Homeobotanical Therapy. The Herbal Energy Centre. 2014. Auckland New Zealand
Ye Z, Huang J, Zhou L, Chen S, Wang Z, Ma L, Wang D, Wang G, Wang S, Liang C, Qiu S, Gu X, Liu J, Weng Z, Wu C, Wei Q, Xie L, Wu W, Cheng Y, Hu J, Wang Z, Zeng X. Efficacy and Safety of Serenoa repens Extract Among Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in China: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Urology. 2019 Jul;129:172-179. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.02.030. Epub 2019 Mar PMID: 30880074.

柳草 Willow herb (Epilobium parviflorum):

- [ii] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

熊果叶 Bearberry (Archtostaphylos ura-ursi):

- [vi] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

刺蒺藜 Tribulus (Tribulus terrestris):

- [iv] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA. 2005.

参考⽂献

松果菊（狭叶松果菊，紫松果菊）Echinacea (Echinacea angustifolia & Echinacea purpurea)

Zhai Z, et 2007. Enhancement of Innate and Adaptive Immune Functions by Multiple Echinacea Species. J Med Food. 10(3) 423-434.
Block K.I. & Mead M.N. 2003. Immune System Effects of Echinacea, Ginseng, and Astragalus: A Review. Integrative Cancer 2(3) 247-267.
Barnes J et 2005. Echinacea Species: A review of their chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 57(8) 929-954.

薰⾐草 Lavender (Lavendula officinalis)

Koulivand P.H et al. 2013. Lavender and the Nervous System. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Article ID 681304.

接⻣⽊ Elderberry (Sambucus nigra)

Zakay-Rones Z. 2004. Randomized Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral Elderberry Extract in the treatment of Influenza A and B Virus Infections. Journal of Integrative Medical Research. 32(2) 132-140.

醉茄 Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)

Singh N, et al. 2011. An Overview of Ashwagandha: A Rasayana (Rejuvenator) of Ayurveda. International Institute of Herbal Medicine. 8(S):208-213.

洋⽢菊Chamomile (Matricaria recutita)

Srivastava K et al. 2010. Chamomile: A herbal medicine of the past with a bright future (Review). Molecular Medicine Reports. 3:895-901.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia.
Kiran G et 2017. A study of anxiolytic activity of matricaria chamomile flowers of aqueous extraction in mice. Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and clinical research. 5 (1) 25-32
Shinomiya K, et al. 2005. Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 25(5) 808-810
Abdullahzadeh M, et al. 2017. Investigation effect of oral chamomilla on sleep quality in elderly people in Isfahan: A randomized control trial. Journal of education and health promotion. Vol 6: DOI <10.4103/jehp.jehp_109_15>

柠檬⾹蜂草 Lemon balm (Melissa Officinalis):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Grieve 1971. A modern herbal. Dover publications. New York
Muller SF, Klement 2006. A combination of valerian and lemon balm is effective in the treatment of restlessness and dyssomnia in children. Phytomedicine. 13: 383-387
Chehroudi S, et 2016. Effects of Melissa officinalis L. on Reducing Stress, Alleviating Anxiety Disorders, Depression, and Insomnia, and Increasing Total Antioxidants in Burn Patients. Trauma Mon. 22(4):e33630
Fermino BL, et 2015. Anxiolytic properties of Melissa Officinalis and associated mechanisms of action: A review of the literature. African journal of pharmacy and pharmacology. 9(3):53-59
Kennedy DO, et al. 2004. Attenuation of laboratory-induced stress in human after acute administration of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm). Psychosomatic 66:607-613
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.

五味⼦ Schisandra (Schisandra chinensis)

Panossian A. 2008. Pharmacology of Schisandra chinensis Bail.: An Overview of Russian research and uses in medicine. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 118:183-212.

参考⽂献

酸樱桃 Tart cherry

Howatson et al.Effect of tart cherry juice (Prunus cerasus) on melatonin levels and enhanced sleep quality. Eur J Nutr 2011 Oct 30.
Kerry S Kuehl Efficacy of tart cherry juice in reducing muscle pain during running: a randomized controlled trial J Int Soc Sports 2010; 7: Published online 2010 May 7. PMCID: PMC2874510
The Review of Natural Products by Facts and Comparisons. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer , 1999

柠檬酸镁 Magnesium Citrate

Rylander, (2014). Bioavailability of magnesium salts–a review. J Pharm Nutr Sci, 4(1), 57-59.
Murck Magnesium and Affective Disorders. Nutritional Neuroscience, Vol 5(6) 375-389. 2002

磷酸镁 Magnesium Phosphate

Hornyak M, Magnesium therapy for periodic leg movements-related insomnia and restless legs syndrome: an open pilot
Pizzorno J, Murray Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine, Prima Publishing Rocklin CA, USA, 1991

锌 Zinc

Song et al. Associations of Zinc and Copper Levels in Serum and Hair with Sleep Duration in Adult Women.Biol. 0Trace Elem
Rondanelli M et The effect of melatonin, magnesium, and zinc on primary insomnia in long-term care facility residents in Italy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011 Jan;59(1):82-90.

维⽣素C Vitamin C

Head K and Kelly Nutrients and Botanicals for Treatment of Stress: Adrenal Fatigue, Neurotransmitter Imbalance, Anxiety and Restless Sleep. Alt Med Rev. Vol 14. (2) 2009
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence-based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia;
Johnston CS. Vitamin C depletion is associated with alterations in blood histamine and plasma free carnitine in adults Am Coll Nutr. 1996 Dec;15(6):586-91.
Pizzorno J, Murray Encyclopedia of Natural Medicine, Prima Publishing Rocklin CA, USA, 1991

泛酸(维⽣素B5) Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)

Kirschmann G. and Kirshmann J. Nutrition Almanac 4th Ed. McGraw Hill; New York, USA; 1996. http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/supplement/vitamin-b5-pantothenic-acid

吡哆醇(维⽣素B6) Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

Baldewicz Plasma pyridoxine deficiency is related to increased psychological distress in recently bereaved
Murillo-Rodriguez E et Basic sleep mechanisms: an integrative review. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem. 2012 Mar;12(1):38-54.

注意事项

McKevoy GK, AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 1998
Pernille Tveden-Nyborgh et Maternal Vitamin C Deficiency during Pregnancy Persistently Impairs Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Offspring of Guinea Pigs. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e48488.
Sompolinsky D, Samra Influence of magnesium and manganese on some biological and physical properties of tetracycline. J Bacteriol. 1972 May;110(2):468-76.

参考⽂献

西番莲 Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)

Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia.Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. EclecticMedical Publications.
Bernardes 1983. A pocket book of Brazilian herbs: forklore, historr, uses. Shogun Arte, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Akhondzadeh S, et 2001. Jour clin pharm ther. 26(5):363-367
Schulz H, Jobert M, Hubner 1998. Phytomed. 5(6):449-458
Capasso A, Sorrentino 2005. Pharmacological studies on the sedative and hypnotic effect of Kava kava and Passiflora extracts combination. Phytomed. 12: 39 - 45.
Ngan A and Conduit 2001. A double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of Passiflora incarnata (passionflower) herbal tea on subjective sleep quality.Phytother. Res. 25: 1153 - 9.

洋⽢菊 Chamomile (Matricaria recutita):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Felter HW, Llyod 1905, reprinted 1983. King’s American dispensatory. Ed 18, Rev 3. Portland. Eclectic Medical Publications.
Mills S, Bone 2005. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Bone 2003. A Clinical Guide to Blending Liquid Herbs Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia.
Kiran G et 2017. A study of anxiolytic activity of matricaria chamomile flowers of aqueous extraction in mice. Asian Journal of Phytomedicine and clinical research. 5 (1) 25-32
Shinomiya K, et 2005. Hypnotic activities of chamomile and passiflora extracts in sleep-disturbed rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 25(5) 808- 810
Abdullahzadeh M, et 2017. Investigation effect of oral chamomilla on sleep quality in elderly people in Isfahan: A randomized control trial. Journal of education and health promotion. Vol 6: DOI <10.4103/jehp.jehp_109_15>

⽢草 Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra):

[i] - [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA; 2005.
Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence-based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia; 2010.

辣椒末 Cayenne (Capsicum annuum):

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

达⽶阿那 Damiana (Turnera diffusa):

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⻰胆草 Gentian (Gentiana lutea):

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⽣姜 Ginger (Zingiber officinale):

- [iii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⾼丽参 Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng):

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

美⻩芩 Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora):

British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA
Bartram 1995. Encyclopaedia of herbal medicine. New York, Dover Publications
British Herbal Medical Association’s Scientific Committee. 1983. British herbal pharmacopoeia. Bournemouth BHMA [vii]Awad, , Arnason, J.T., Trudeau, V.L., Bergeron, C., Budzinski, J.W., Foster, B.C., & Merali, Z. (2003). Phytochemical and biological analysis of skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora L.): a medicinal plant with anxiolytic properties. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology, 10 8, 640-9.
Gafner, , Bergeron, C., Batcha, L.L., Reich, J., Arnason, J.T., Burdette, J.E., Pezzuto, J.M. and Angerhofer, C.K. 2003. Inhibition of [3H]- LSD binding to 5-HT7 receptors by flavonoids from Scutellaria lateriflora. Journal of Natural Products, 66, (4) 535-537.
Brock C, Whitehouse J, Tewfik I, Towell 2010. American skullcap (scutellaria lateriflora): an ancient remedy for today’s anxiety? British Journal of Wellbeing. 1(4)25-30

红景天 Rhdiola (Rhodiola rosea):

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

迷迭⾹ Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis):

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

⻢鞭草 Vervain (Verbena officinalis):

- [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.

醉茄 Withania (Withania somnifera):

[i] - [ii] Bone K. The Ultimate Herbal Compendium. Phytotherapy Press. Warwick. Queensland. Australia. 2007.
[iii]-[v] Mills S, Bone K. The Essential Guide to Herbal Safety. Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. St Louis Missouri USA; 2005.
[i]-[v] Braun L, Cohen M, Herbs and Supplements an evidence-based guide, 3rd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elseiver; Chatswood, NSW, Australia; 2010.
[vi] Singh, N., Bhalla, M., de Jager, P., & Gilca, M. (2011). An overview on ashwagandha: a Rasayana (rejuvenator) of Ayurveda. African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM, 8(5 Suppl), 208–213. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtcam.v8i5S.9

参考⽂献

参考⽂献

参考⽂献

参考⽂献

参考⽂献

参考⽂献

参考⽂献

参考⽂献

Login